accessibility is not just a yes-or-no
question
hopefully the following four examples
will demonstrate how accessibility goes
beyond simply whether or not someone can
use something the following example
shows how changing a device changes the
user's experience
NVDA: Bastielle radio. Listen to Bastielle free on
Pandora internet radio busy. [Music overlaps with NVDA, Making it difficult to hear NVDA.]
{Blank}
NVDA: Pause button. User: So, in this video, we are going to look at Pandora.
on the computer and look at the
different accessibility issues that
arise when you're using Pandora on the
computer versus in our next video in which
will look at the accessibility of using
Pandora's app on an iPhone. So, the first
issue I want to point out is that when
we came to the website the music started
to play automatically which was
difficult because you can't hear the
screen reader all that well when there's
music playing because the music was
blocking out the sound of the screen reader;
so it was a little difficult to
figure out where the pause button was
next what I'm going to do is I'm going
to try to search for a new artist and
play their station. So, I'm going to
look for the edit field for choosing a
new station. NVDA: no next edit field. enter an artist,
song, or composer edit collapsed.
submenu has auto complete. User: Ok, so we are going to look up-- NVDA: S-n-o-w P-a-t-
t-r-o-l. 14. Bastielle radio now playing on Pandora
document. [Video plays, overlapping NVDA again.
{Blank}
{Blank}
{Blank}
{Blank}
{Blank}
NVDA: button unavailable. Pause button.
User: Okay, so what just happened was that when
hit enter on Snow Patrol it was saying
that Bastielle radio was playing which
wasn't the case. What we're doing right
now is listening to an ad and I'm going
to try to skip the ad because I know
that's a feature you can do on the app.
NVDA: volume button, browser tab tool bar
control navigation toolbar toolbar
search edit has autocomplete
search using Yahoo, Bastielle radio, button
blank frame clickable clickable list now
playing one of two my stations 2 of 2
list. upgrade link. account menu
graphic out of list Bastielle radio
User: So what you are going to see next are two things.
One is that the stations that the user is
navigating through aren't really
differentiated from when she gets down
to jobs and blogs and that sort of thing
and then the other thing you're gonna
see is that you can't actually see the
controls that she's navigating through
because she's interacting with all the
content that's behind the ad and the ad
is where the skip ad or escape button
is. NVDA: Snow Patrol radio link.
{Blank}
browse genres.
history link. Sound of the Sirens link
jobs link, advertising link
businesses link, investors link,
blog link, gifts link. button
unavailable. play button, volume button, User: so,
I'm having trouble finding anything that says "skip ad," so I guess we are going to have to listen to this ad and continue on with the video afterwards.
NVDA: Play button [Ad continues.]
{Blank}
{Blank} 81 00:04:00,060 --> 82 00:04:00,569 {Blank} 82
{Blank}
{Blank}
{Blank}
[Music]
[Music]
NVDA: Navigation landmark, replay button
Pause button. User: So, after the ad, it played
the next station. And now, we'll look at
Pandora on an iPad
User: in this video we're looking at Pandora's
accessibility with voiceover on an iPad
in our first video we ran into some
trouble finding the play pause button
had some issues searching for a new band
because the search bar, when populating
search results, that wasn't accessible so
now we're going to take a look at this
from a different angle on the iPad. So,
what is great about the iPad is that
voiceover is built-in and many of the
iPad apps are inherently accessible so
with voiceover commands you can play
pause music by double tapping with two
fingers anywhere on the screen so that
is what I just did to play and pause the
music. I'll do it again because I really
like this song.
]Music plays.] User: cool so that is a vast difference than
what we saw in the website version of
Pandora because we had to go searching
for the button and we weren't able to
really hear what NVDA was saying because
the music was playing in the background
and it was drowning out NVDA and in this
case, it's just a simple two finger
double tap to play/pause. So, now what
we're gonna do is we're gonna search for
a new band. VoiceOver: station album cover station
title, back arrow, 8\\
User: So, what I'm doing is I'm just swiping left and
right and that again is an inherent
voiceover gesture. Voiceover: ...Beatles radio
Maroon 5 radio, Katy Perry radio
shuffle, create station button
User: create station. So, I'm going to double tap on that.
VoiceOver: search text field is editing
type in genre, artist, or track.
User: So, I'm a 90s girl, so we are going to look up some N'Sync.
VoiceOVer: N-S-y-n-c
{Blank}
{Blank}
VoiceOver: Search
text field is editing
character mode, search
alert unable to search for music
User: So, we're back! I wanted to point out two things
things number one is make sure you're
connected to Wi-Fi number two um what
was great about that little glitch was
that we were able to get in and out of
that dialog box that said that there was
An error and they couldn't retrieve
music. We were able to do that really
easily with voiceover it moved focused
directly to that dialog box it was
simple. It was clean. It was great.
User2: A principle that you see here that uses
with both accessibility and usability
has to do with predicting what a user is
going to want to do and then helping
them with it so in the desktop version
or the web version of the app you open
up the page and music is playing. It's
most likely that the next thing you want
to do is either pause or change the
volume; however, there was nothing about
the app that guided you to being able to
do that the user still had to find how
to do what she wanted to do. On the iPad
version of the app, however, it helps the
user do what she wants to do, when an
error pops up it takes her directly to
the error, makes it easy for her to know
what the error is, and then she can deal
with the error. Later, when she wants to
to find a group or look
through the channels she already has
saved in her app it is quick and easy
for her to find how to do that
she's still able to do things like
change settings in her account and read
about job opportunities that sort of
thing but it's not most the most likely
thing that she wants to do and so it's
gonna be a little bit harder to find how
to do those things.
User: so we did a search for some N Sync and I
I am going to go back
and do that again.
VoiceOver: Create station button.
text field is editing. N-S-y-n-c.
{Blank}
Search results.
Search result. Starred, N'Sync.
back arrow. [Music plays]
{Blank}
User: Great song! So here, it was so much
easier to look through the populated
search results when I was typing it in
That was seamless. Again, it was
clean. It was easy. I was able to use
voice over gestures to navigate
the app and yeah, it was a lot easier
than the website. And, there you go.
the difference between accessibility and two
on two different platforms. with the same sort of
Pandora app. User2: The following example is
where a user uses a specific piece of
knowledge to make content more
accessible. User: so in this video we're going
to look at spark notes which can be
difficult to navigate because of
all the ads. However, if you know a couple
workarounds and a few tricks you can
access it pretty easily. So I'm going to
show you
Sparknotes with reader mode on and
with reader mode off. And that was
something
that I had to learn about before doing
this video. So, this first... NVDA: varicose ulcer
User:...is with
the reader mode off. NVDA: ... use it as he climbs
the staircase he is greeted on each
landing by a poster depicting an
enormous face underscored by the words
big brother is watching you frame frame
heading level 1 loading frame 1 week / /
198 / HTTP slash / wwws comm / / 1984 /
section 1 dot HTML out of frame blank User: So, right here, I am stuck in an ad and I'm going to try to arrow key down to get out of the ad.
NVDA: button play progress bar 100% progress
bar 100% slider 16000 386
button unmute slider 0 blank blank
heading level 1 coming up link heading
level 3 link heading level 3 don't miss
link heading level 3
link heading level 3 link heading level
3 MC learn million-dollar hypercar
spotted on the road map link heading
level 3 link heading level 3 eating fish
linked to higher up link heading level 3
link heading level 3 here's how much a
typical kid banks and allows link
heading level 3 toolbar submenu t1 of to
enter reader view r2 of 2 sparknotes
1984 book 1 chapter i Mozilla firefox
unknown sparknotes heading level 1 spark User: So, what reader mode does is it gets rid of all the ads and leaves you with the text.
NVDA: spark notes 1984 semi spark notes 1984
book 1 chapter heading level 1 spark
notes george orwell heading level four
tonic link winston...frailand 39
years old
it is painful for him to trudge up the
stairs because he has a varicose ulcer
above his right ankle they abused it as
he climbs the staircase he is greeted on
each landing by a poster depicting an
enormous face underscored by the words
big brother is watching you Winston
is an insignificant official in the
party the totalitarian political regime
that rules all a vert strip on the land
that used to be called England as part
of the larger state of Oceania with.... User:Okay, right there I was able to get...there was no ad that was blocking it now.
With reader mode, it is easier, but you have to know
it's something that you have to know
about so if you don't know about reader
mode then you're stuck with the web page
that has the ads all around it.
User2: The following example demonstrates how
features contained within accessible
technology can help to make inherently
inaccessible content more accessible.
User: In this video we're going to take a look
at this book coyote America in Google
Books and tried to preview a couple of
the pages. Before what I did was I went
into accessible mode which helped me get
some of the junk on the page so I could
find a link called preview book so we're
going to look for that page now that I'm
in accessible mode. NVDA: link graphic front
cover LinkedIn for us basic books link
science 288 pages link a virtue ethics
of our time
visited link preview this book coyote
Coyote America a natural and supernatural
history Dan Flores Google books main
landmark visited link graphic next
available page visited link graphic next
available page visited link graphic next... User: I'm going to arrow down....
NVDA: available page graphic the limited
preview of this book is available as an
image only User: SO this is interesting. It's saying that it's available as an image only. For screen reader users, this isn't a good thing because
because it's an image, it is inaccessible for us to use.
So, what I'm going to do is I'm going to go use OCR.
User2: OCR stands for Optical Character recognition.
It's the process by which
images of text are turned into actual
text
User:...to try to see what is on this page
of this book. I'm going to hit NVDA and SPACE, then NVDA and R.
NVDA: Recognizing. result document. User: And this is what the OCR came up with:
NVDA:...Coyote America, supernatural history Dan Flores
copyrighted material. User: so we are going to go to the next page and try to find the table of contents. I'm going to hit ESCAPE to get out of that mode
NVDA: visited link. alt plus shift plus n, go to the next page.
Coyote America a natural and
and supernatural history Dan Flores
Google Books document main landmark the
limited preview of this book is
available as an image only graphic next
page
coyote America a natural and
supernatural history dan Flores Google
books. User: So, I know the table of contents is on the next page because I have done this before. SO, I'm going to o to the next page.
NVDA: visited link graphic next page
coyote America a natural and
supernatural history Dan Flores Google
Books document main landmark the limited
preview of this book is available as an
limage only graphic next available page.
blank. visited link alt plus shift plus n, next available page
User: I'm going to hit NVDA and R
This should be the table of contents.... NVDA: Blank, blank, blank, blank
blank blank blank blank User: Let me try that again. NVDA: Next available
page link visited Alt + Shift + n'
visited link Alt + Shift + P previous page.
page. visited link alt plus shift plus n, next available page.
available page blank graphic the limited
preview of this book is available as an
image only blank are
sometimes it's a little wonky one of the
complications that comes with using
tools inside of assistive technology to
make something accessible no if problems
come from user error problems with the
assistive technology or the app that
you're trying to use
our graph grev grav visited link all +
shift+ and next available page coyote
america a natural and supernatural
history dan flores google books document
blank graphical limited preview of this
book is available as an image only blank
[Music]
visited link all tasha plank visited
link all + shift+ and next page blank
graphic a limited brief blank graphic
visited link rep visited link graphic
next page graphics blank visited link
all + shift+ and next page visited link
all + Shift + P previous page visit
blank graphic the limited preview of this
this book is available as an image only
blank recognizing result document
chapter 1 chapter chapter 5 chapter a
chapter 5 chapter 6 chapter 7 epilogue
contents American avatar old man America User: so, this is the table of contents and this is a good example of how OCR is not
perfect. So what this is doing is, as you
saw, it read the chapters first down one
column and then the chapter titles down
the next column instead of reading it
straight across, so being like chapter
one and then the title of chapter one
chapter two, then the title of chapter two.
So, That's an example of how OCR isn't perfect.
perfect. USer2: this last example shows how
delivering information in a new way
can make it accessible. User 3: I am about to do
a demo of using a touch screen in a
non-visual way to get visual information
about a map. I'm going to touch an item
on the map. We have a random map in a
random location in Nome Alaska showing.
I'm finding a road now I'm following it VoiceOver: Old Center Creek Road, north-south
User 3: ...and it's gonna beep it me ][Voice over beeps[
User 3: ...that means I'm getting towards the end
okay I need to move right to get back on
track my hand is moving up oh there we
go [VoiceOver changes the pattern of the beeping to indicate new information.]
well I'm moving to the right again this
road is moving up and to the right... [VoiceOver: North Center Creek Road...
North-South User3: Oh no, it died.
VoiceOver: ...Dot Complex Road... User3: Dot Complex Road? Pause to follow User3: Okay, so I'm moving my
finger to the left. Now, I have to find the
center of the road again, and as I follow
it, it'll beep at me. if I go too far up, [VoiceOver Beeps.]
...I can't imagine that I'm still in the road...
VoiceOver: Dot Complex Road. Alaska Gold Access known. Alaska, 99762 United states. User3: There we go. And, I got to this address
in the middle of the map and I can move my
move my fingers around the map. I can also use
the rotar.
[User sets the rotar.]
{Blank}
{Blank}
Voice Over: Zoom 16 x. Three roads visible.
Zoom 17 x. One road visible.
Zoom 16 x., places visible. Zoom 13 x
places visible.
Zoom 12 x. User3: We are going to zoom way out and are going to
look at a map of North America. VoiceOver: Zoom 10 x, places visible.
Alaska gold access road. zoom 9 x, places
visible. Alaska Golds Access Road.
Zoom 8, places visible. Alaska Golds Access Road.
Flambo River. Zoom 7 x,
visible Alaska gold access road zoom 6x
places visible. Beerin land bridge.
Alaska Golds Access Road. Zoom 5 x. Places visible.
...Nodac National Preserve.
Zoom 4 x, one road visible.
Gulf of Alaska. User3: I'm moving
...I should be moving
South. I am in the Pacific Ocean.
I'm specifically right now demoing an
application of using touch screens to
drag items around the screen in a non
visual way but getting the same visual
feedback which you normally wouldn't get
from a keyboard so I'm demoing an
application on Android called Tasker
which allows you to set up complex
conditions and programs for your phone
so with this app you essentially create
a profile and you create your task and
the inside of your tasks you have steps
of code you want to execute. Each step in
the code process is identified by a
number and can have labels. So, if I touch
the top of the screen we have
subtracting one from the variable count.
Now, that's in the wrong place on purpose
because I will replace it.
TalkBack:zero for variable set percent
counts unlabled. 5 go to action label
to start at loop unlabeled. User3: so we have
five steps here and we're going to
rearrange them. So, with a keyboard it
might be as follows: Move to the step and
find a button that says move up and
click it a bunch of times. There may also
be a convo box where we move it up and down
but with Tasker, all I need to do is
simply touch four, double tap and hold the
long press... my phone vibrated at I'm
moving it all the way to the top of the
screen. If it were accessible, I would be getting
getting feedback but it isn't
that is something I might write the
Tasker developers about... and I've now let
let go of the task. Now if I touch the top I
see it moved at the very top
TalkBack: variable subtract percent count one
unlabled one. ..phone call....
start loop 4
User3: Now, I need to move the tast start of loop
If you see there, below there there's go to start of loop. So, our code is going to execute . It will add
set count 5 subtract and then it would get stuck in this loop forever and we don't want that.
I'm going to double tap 4 and move it up
to where I think 2 is and let go. And, I did
that correctly but if I hadn't, I would just go slower
refinement of the move process. TalkBack: ...3 variable subtract
subtract percent count one unlabeled User3: So,
now I have: one set count to 5, , start of
loop 2 if count is greater than zero,
Now, I'm in the loop, subtract one from the count, 4 save
say phone call from whatever phone number
five go to start of loop. As you can see
there's a list here and I can drag these
items around using the touch screen for
a point of reference of where I want it
to go. The next thing I'm going to demo
is going to the home screen Let me get off my
calendar
TalkBack: home screen 2 of 3. User3: Okay, I'm on page 2.
I'm going to move the Google Home app
to the bottom, just to the right of
my...app. So there are a couple of ways
{Blank}
I could do this in Android. One of the ways
I could do this is by activating the
local context menu...
...and then
I could get the move item and I can
directly touch the item I want
TalkBack: move to row 3 column 3.
DoubleTap to activate move to Row 3
column 1
{Blank}
...move to
Row 3 column 1 move to Row 2 column 1
create create folder with edge move to
Row 3 column to create folder with daily
forecast. move to row 3 column 2
move to row 3 column one.
...create folder with weather...
create folder with Security Now...
row 4 column 5... User3: Well, if I moved it here,
Talkback:...move to row 5 column 5.
move to row 4 column 3.
Create folder with Security Now. User3: I can double tap
there and move it there..
Now, if I want to put back
back there is another way I could do it
and it gives me the benefit of using my
touch screen so I have a point of
reference
absolutely for where I am on the screen
So, if I can find the app and double tap and
and hold and now I just move my finger
And, it's telling me where I am on the screen.
and I can also tell where I am on the
screen based on how far my fingers from
the edge. TalkBack: Move to row 2 column 2
Move to row 1 column 2 to create folder with
Authenticator.
User3: There's an app there called Authenticator. I put my
my finger on.
I can also get app info. TalkBack:...move to row 1 column
2. Move to row 3 column 2. User3: But, I
I really want to move it to row 2 column 1.
Boom. Let go of it and and it's moved. So, I can
touchscreen in multiple ways to receive
location info as a point of reference in
a way that I wouldn't be able to
necessarily visualize with a keyboard
User2: the previous four examples have
hopefully demonstrated how accessibility
can change based on variables such as
the technology available, software, and a
user's knowledge.
and that's why it takes more than yes or
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