Waching daily Apr 2 2018

It's important to give credit where credit's due.

Use college credits to get ahead.

Purdue University Global

For more infomation >> Transfer Credits and Earn a Bachelor's Degree Faster and for Less - Duration: 0:07.

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Eating for your eyes - Duration: 4:59.

Just imagine that you wake up one day and you could no longer see your favorite TV shows,

beautiful nature, or that pretty face of your fiance.

The thought of vision loss is indeed terrifying!

In fact, according to the recent survey, blindness is ranked first among "worst things that could

happen to you".

In the UK, 250 people start to lose their eyesight every day and the leading cause is

age-related macular degeneration or simply AMD.

AMD is caused by a damage that happens at the back of your eyes, also known as the retina.

Macula is the center of your retina where the light directly hits the back of your eyes.

The eyes then send a signal to your brain through nerve cells, and the meaning of vision

is processed and translated in the brain.

However, just like skin wrinkles as you age, an exposure of light over the lifetime to

your eyes can lead to damage of your macula.

Here's a macula of an AMD patient compared to a normal healthy macula.

The result is that the center of your vision will be blurry or distorted, and it may eventually

progress to total blindness.

However, all hope is not lost.

At the very exact spot on the back of your eyes, there is a yellow pigment that protects

your macula from too much light exposure.

We call this yellow pigment macular pigment.

There is a fun way to you see your own macular pigment.

Just fixate your eyes on the center of the screen.

Ready?

Do you see a circle appears in the center of the screen?

That's your macular pigment!

In a lab or a clinical setting, we use a machine based on a similar principle to measure macular

pigment density.

This pigment is composed of three yellow molecules: lutein, zeaxanthin, and meso-zeaxanthin.

Human body cannot synthesize these yellow molecules.

The only way we get them to our eyes is from diet.

Lutein, zeaxanthin, and meso-zeaxanthin belong to a group of hundreds colourful plant pigments

that are found in the nature.

Collectively, we call them carotenoids.

They are responsible for red and orange colours of leaves in fall, and bright colours of fruits

and vegetables.

Lutein is found in green leafy vegetables, broccolis, green peas, and avocados.

Zeaxanthin is found in green leafy vegetables too, but also in yellow corns, bell peppers,

oranges, and mangoes.

Meso-zeaxanthin, on the other hand, is not present in a typical human diet.

There are about thirty carotenoids found in human diet but only lutein and zeaxanthin

go to the back of your eyes.

We know that this is done by the help of three proteins residing in the macula.

These proteins selectively grab lutein and zeaxanthin from the blood supply while leaving

out other carotenoids.

The eye then converts some of the lutein to meso-zeaxanthin.

But why do human eyes choose only lutein and zeaxanthin from our diet but not other orange

or red carotenoids?

We don't really know the answer but there are some theories.

Blue light from the sun and digital screens has a high frequency and it causes damage

to your macula more than green or yellow light.

The first theory believes that because lutein, zeaxanthin, and meso-zeaxanthin are yellow,

they are perfect to absorb blue light and decrease the damage at the macula.

If we take a look at the macula under blue light, it appears to be dark because the macular

pigment absorbs blue light very well.

People who have higher macular pigment density seem to have better visual performance too.

Well, probably not as powerful as Superman's laser vision!

But they may have better vision when the illumination is low.

This may come in handy when doing things like driving at night.

The second theory believes that lutein, zeaxanthin, and meso-zeaxanthin act as antioxidants in

the retina.

When the light hits the retina, free radicals are generated.

Free radicals are reactive molecules that can damage important cellular components such

as protein or DNA, and may lead to damage of the cell on the retina.

We call this damage oxidative damage.

Usually the body has a way to get rid of these free radicals.

However, when the production of free radicals gets out of control, the damage may be permanent

and result in AMD.

This is where carotenoids like lutein and zeaxanthin may come in and help the eye fight

against free radicals.

Carotenoids are powerful antioxidants.

In a lab, if lutein and zeaxanthin are added to retinal cells, we see a decrease in oxidative

stress before the damage is irreversible.

The average intake of lutein in the UK is now between 1 and 2 mg/d.

It has been shown an intake of lutein at 6 mg/d, which is about half a cup of cooked

spinach, may lower your risk of getting AMD by almost half.

So, if you love your eyes, maybe it's time to listen to your mom and start eating more

fruits and vegetables!

With love.

For more infomation >> Eating for your eyes - Duration: 4:59.

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PDP denies Mantu rigged elections for party - Duration: 3:19.

The Peoples Democratic Party (PDP) has dismissed claims by former Senate President Ibrahim Mantus that he rigged elections for the opposition party when it was in power.

In a statement signed by the PDPs National Publicity Secretary Kola Ologbondiyan on Sunday, April 1, the party said Senator Mantu's claims were personal to him and had nothing to do with the PDP, as the party has never directed any of its members to rig election on its behalf, at any point since its formation.

The statement added: Senator Mantu spoke about his personal activities and tendencies in the elections where he participated. The PDP has never directed or had any pact with him to rig election on its behalf. Never!.

Individuals run their elections on the platform of political parties once they emerge as candidates. In the PDP, candidates are issued with the party's Code of Conduct containing the basic rules of electioneering engagements.

There is nowhere in this rules of engagement where candidates or party members are directed to rig elections on behalf of the party.

If any member's conduct transgressed these basic rules of engagement, that individual did not act on behalf of the PDP, and as such the party cannot be vicariously held responsible.

It will therefore be misplaced for anybody, including the APC, to surmise that Senator Mantu, in the said confession of rigging, acted on behalf of the PDP.

The opposition party wondered why Mantu could not save himself at the polls in 2007 elections if he indeed had perfected how to rig elections for the PDP.

It said: After all, in 2007, Senator Mantu lost his own senatorial election. What, then, happened to his rigging machinery, if he could not deliver himself.

We urge the APC to manage its manifest failures in party administration as well as its incompetent, lack-lustre and wobbling governance which has grounded the nation's economy and brought hunger and starvation to our people.

we had earlier reported that Senator Mantu, who was a senator on the platform of the PDP 'confessed the truth' during an interview on Hard Copy, a Channels Television programme that aired on Friday, March 30.

During the interview, Mantu, who is also a former member of the PDP's Board of Trustees, said he was actively involved in compromising election officials, security officers and even agents of rival parties to either assist in rigging candidates of the PDP to victory or look the other way in cases of obvious rigging.