[Disclaimer] The United States dropped two nuclear weapons
on the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki almost 72 years ago during the final stage
of World War 2.
These bombings killed at least 1,30,000 people and remain the only use of nuclear weapons
for the warfare in history.
But what happens when Nepal is attacked by nuclear weapons.
Let's find it out.
First of all let me introduce, a new video series, Ramailo.
In this series we gonna share some interesting facts about various topics that every Nepali
must know.
Hope you guyz enjoy this brand new series.
Now let's get back into the topic.
Why Nepal should fear from Nuclear Attack?
Well the easiest answer is because it's is surrounded by two powerful countries bearing
nuclear weapons.
China and India are the Nations with nuclear weapons.
China has around 260 nuclear warheads whereas India has around 110 to 120 warheads.
In addition, Pakistan has 120-130 warheads, Israel has around 80 warheads and North Korea
has less than 10 warheads.
With around 15,000 nuclear warheads remaining in the world, Russia has the highest stockpile
of around 7000 nukes followed by USA with 6800 warheads.
Nepal a small landlocked country does not have any nuclear warhead but Nepal does have
raw materials used for making nuclear weapons i.e.
Uranium.
More on that later on.
With the increasing political tension around the world people are terrified of Third World
War and use of Nuclear Weapons.
Many people are keen to know about the effets of Nuclear weapons and methods to survive
nuclear war.
So, today we gonna see what will happen when nuclear bomb is dropped in Nepal.
First of all the impact of Nuclear bomb depends on many factors like the weather, weapon design,
geographic layout of where the bomb hits and if it explodes in the air or hits the ground.
After the nuclear bomb explodes, approximately 35% of energy comes in the form of the thermal
radiation or heat.
Since the thermal radiation travels at approximately the speed of light, the flash of light and
heat comes several seconds before the blast wave much like lightning and this causes flash
blindness to anyone looking the blast.
Flash blindness is a temporary blindness of few minutes, however experts suggest not look
at the blast directly because it can damage your eye sight in long term.
Now, let's take an example of 1 mega ton nuclear bomb which is around 80 times larger than
the Hiroshima bomb but much smaller than the existing modern nuclear weapons.
When such a powerful, 1 mega ton nuclear bomb explodes, people at 21 kilometers away from
the blast can experience flash blindness on a clear day and even 85 kilometers on a clear
night.
That means if such bomb explodes in Kathmandu on a clear day, then people at Bhaktapur,
Patan, Kritipur, Chandragiri, Swayambhu, Tokha and places surrounding the valley can experience
flash blindness and if the bomb explodes on a clear night then people at nuwakot, dhulikhel,
melamchi can experience the flash blindness.
Thermal radiation burns occur to the people closer to the ground zero or bomb explosion
site.
First degree burns will occur to the people at 11 km from the ground zero, second degree
burns occur to the people at 10 km and third degree burns destroying skin tissue occur
to the people at 8 kilometers from the ground zero.
That is if the bomb explodes in kathmandu, people of Kathmandu and Patan are likely to
suffer from third degree burns whereas people at Bhaktapur and Kritipur are likely to suffer
from second and first degree burns.
To make it clear, Third degree burns that cover over 24% of the body will likely be
fatal without quick medical care.
However, this thermal raidiation effect is variable depending on the weather and what
clothing you are wearing.
For example white clothing are suppose to reflect more engery than darker clothes which
can minimize the effect of thermal radiation to some extent.
Furthermore, since the valley is surrounded by hills and mountains there is high chances
of minimum effect to the people outside the valley.
For comparison, the center of Hiroshima explosion was estimated to be around 300,000 degree
celsius which is over 300 times hotter than the temperature the bodies are cremanted at.
This intense heat is enough to reduce the body to its basic elements.
i.e if such bomb explodes in Kathmandu, there will be no signs of people living in kathmandu
and patan, there will be no dead bodies not even a single bone will be left.
That sounds horrible isn't it?
Likewise the radiation from the blast also behaves like sunlight, so objects will cast
shadows where the radiation doesn't directly hit.
When a nuclear bomb explodes most of the energy is released in blast which drives air away
from the site of explosion creating sudden changes in air pressure that can crush objects
or knock them down.
Let's again take the example of 1 megaton bomb, if such a bomb explodes then within
a 6 km radius there would be an estimated 180 tons of force on the wall of any 2 stored
building with wind speed of 255 km/hour.
Within 1 kilometer radius, the peak pressure will be 4 times greater and wind speed can
reach upto 756 km/hour.
There is no way human body can endure this amount of pressure however the winds would
create fatal collisions with the nearby objects so, deaths would largely be from the collapsed
buildings.
All these effects from 1 Mega ton bomb, now just compare it with the largest nuclear bomb
ever detonated.
The 50 megaton Tsar Bomba dropped on an isolated island in Russia is similar to the 3333 Hiroshima
bombs combined.
Can you imagine that?
Though most of the energy is released during the blast, there is high chances of more survival
if the bomb explodes in valley like kathmandu.
Since Kathmandu is surrounded by tall hills and mountains, people living outside the valley
have more chances of survival from the blast because the hills and mountains can act as
a natural barriers to reduce the impact of blast waves.
But now there is another problem radiation.
First of all we must know not all the radiations are harmful.
We are exposed to different forms of radiation everyday like our phones, but ionizing radiation
at the center of nuclear bomb has enough energy to rip the electrons from the atom.
Thus radiation is another major aspect you need to worry about.
Exposure to the 600 REM radiation has 90% chance of creating fatal illness while exposure
to 450 REM radiation is estimated to have 50% chance of fatality.
But even those who recover, suffer long term.
Radiation from nuclear explosion can break the molecular bond and strands of DNA.
Most of the DNA can repair themselves but quater of them don't which result in future
genetic mutation and increase the probability of cancer.
However the amount of the radiation you encounter is greatly affected by whether you are outside
or inside in a wooden structure or a cement structure and so on.
The another harmful aspect of nuclear bomb explosion is the fallout.
When a bomb is detonated on or near the surface of the earth, the blast creates the creater
and materials that used to be deposited in the creater is carried up into the air as
vaporized dirt particle forming the familiar mushroom cloud.
This particles become radioactive and eventually condense and come back down as fallout.
So, fallout can be more dangerous than the actual blast waves as it can travel far from
the blast site, spreading the radiation and harm the people in long term.
Depending on the wind conditions, the radioactive fallout can travel for hundreds of kilometers
and though it can fall in the form of black rain for most part you can't detect fallout
with your senses.
Luckily fallout radiation decays very quickly and within two weeks, radioactive material
will have declined to about 1% of its initial radiation level.
So, it is suggested to stay in shelter for around two weeks to avoid harmful radioactive
fallouts.
Upto now we have discussed what would happen if one nuclear bomb explodes in Nepal but
what if more than one nuclear bomb explodes in Nepal or what would happen if the world
goes in nuclear war.
Let us consider 100 nuclear bomb explosion.
If 100 nuclear warheads are detonated in Nepal at different places then there is high probability
that Nepal disappears from the world map.
If 100 nukes are detonated then not only Nepal gets affected, entire south asian countries
need to face problems.
After the blast, 5 mega ton of black carbon would immediately enter the atmosphere causing
global temperature to fall and recieve 9% less rain annually.
Though this changes sound small, they could be enough to trigger crops failures and famine.
According to the studies, it is estimated that 2 billion people will strave when 100
nuclear warheads go off.
Well the condition of the world would be apocalyptic.
Let's hope we need not to face this condition.
but as we all know world is uncertain and if you need to face any nuclear explsion,
what should you do?
Well, check out our another video to know the methods you need to apply to increase
your possibilities of survival in nuclear explosion.
Hope you enjoyed.
That's it for this time.
Subscribe if you haven't and don't forget to like and share the video.
Good time.
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