Waching daily Jun 6 2017

UFO Sightings Have OFFICIALLY Tripled � The TRUTH Is Coming

In just America alone, reported UFO sightings have now officially TRIPLED, since 2001.

It appears that the ET�s are starting to perhaps force their very own disclosure!

These incredible statistics are compiled in a new book written using the databases of

two of the world�s biggest organisations dedicated to logging UFO and alien reportings

and encounters across the planet.

�UFO Sightings Desk Reference,� written by Cheryl Costa, 65, and wife, Linda Miller

Costa, 62, from Syracuse, New York, used 121,036 eyewitness accounts across the states recorded

separately by the Mutual UFO Network (MUFON) and the National UFO Reporting Center (NUFORC)

between 2001 and 2015 to chart the increase.

These facts can no longer be ignored or dismissed by the Elite on this planet.

The study looks at the timing and location of incidents and types of UFOs seen which

include flying circles, spheres, triangles, discs, ovals, and cigars � mapping out what

is really being seen across the world.

Check out just one of thousands of recent UFO�s being caught on camera across the

planet

According to Cheryl, a former �military� technician and aerospace analyst, and Linda,

a librarian at Le Moyne College and a former librarian at the National Academy of Sciences,

�NASA� and the Environmental Protection Agency, MUFON and NUFORC decided most sightings

were explainable, but a small amount can still not be explained.

But, just remember where they worked and why they may suggest that many of these can apparently

�be explained� even though there is NO evidence on these so-called explanations.

The key findings from the book were that overall numbers of UFO sightings more than tripled

by 2015, from their average levels in 2001.

It wasn�t that long ago that us guys at U.I.P confirmed that UFO sightings have doubled

As U.I.P had previously reported, it appears that back in June 2015 there was yet again

another HUGE spike in UFO sightings being reported.

Could it be that the next report from 2015 and onwards, show yet again another dramatic

increase in UFO sightings?!

A graph table showing the dramatic increase in sightings AGAIN back in June 2015.

The book shows that US sightings grew from 3,479 reports in 2001 to 11,868 in 2015.

� MUFON and NUFORC say just a fraction of all sightings make their way to them � so

there are significantly more that have NOT been included in this report.

As many of us will already know, there is a growing �disclosure� movement in the

US that believes that intelligent aliens visit Earth, and the government is not only aware

of this, but covers it up!

For example check out Obama�s response when he was in power, after he was questioned about

ET�s:

MUFON and NUFORC say just a fraction of all sightings make their way to them � so there

are significantly more, but sadly many dont know who to report to, and sadly many have

also lost faith in these organisations after very little feedback.

Disclosure activists, such as Steve Bassett, who runs the Paradigm Research Group (PRG)

campaign for an end to this so-called truth embargo.

Mr Bassett believes the fact there are so many more sightings now means the truth will

soon come out as the White House will no longer be able to keep a lid on it.

It is also interesting to note how much the media and world scientists are now taking

UFOLOGY and ET�s very seriously and not a week goes by without some mention about

these two areas.

Check out the below video of UFO�s captured on camera on a live weather broadcast � it

is like something out there wants to be seen it appears?

Mr Bassett went on to say:

�With this compendium, Cheryl and Linda Costa have reminded the public and the media

the extraterrestrial phenomenon continues unabated.�

Cheryl said the pair write the book because:

�We wanted to do our bit for disclosure

�It�s something the government should have been doing.

�We�re doing scientific research.

What�s crazy is not being willing to look at research.�

Their research found July is the busiest month for UFO sightings, but possibly because more

people are outside and getting an opportunity to notice more of what is going on in the

skies above them?!

There was a strange spike in sightings in Texas in 2008, and another in New Mexico in

September 2015.

Possible UFO hot-spot areas around the planet?

The pair say they have seen UFOs themselves, but draw no firm conclusions from studying

the data.

Linda said:

�We don�t know, but all these people are seeing these things.�

U.I.P SUMMARY:

Well, it does not seem that long ago that U.I.P was reporting that UFO sightings have

doubled, but a year later down the line they have now trebled � and lets not forget that

these stats were only taken from the United States, just imagine what the world wide stats

would look like (hence why we ask all of you to submit our sighting reports to our website).

A possible reason for such a dramatic increase in UFO sightings is possibly down to the fact

that the rise in phone and digital cameras, is responsible for more alleged UFO pictures

and videos emerging, and that sharing on social media, makes the subject more well known.

Ufology is now huge area of interest and it almost feels like people are awakening and

now taking a strong interest in what is going on in the skies above them.

Perhaps the ET�s are now pushing for their own disclosure.

But if so, then what is to come next?

It definitely does feel like the drip feeding of disclosure is intensifying!

Keep your eyes to the sky people and

report EVERY sighting to us.

For more infomation >> UFO Sightings Have OFFICIALLY Tripled – The TRUTH Is Coming - Duration: 7:35.

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MKTV #4 - Work Life Balance Is A Lie, Embrace This Instead (from my kitchen) - Duration: 4:02.

- I'm sure you've heard of the phrase Work-Life Balance,

and here's the thing.

I don't believe such a thing exists.

When I hear the word Balance, I think of things

being equal on every side of the equation.

The idea that we could work for eight hours a day

and then have leisure time for eight hours a day

and go to sleep for eight hours a day,

that's just not reality.

Maybe it is for your world, but it's not for mine.

So what I've embraced instead is this concept of harmony.

And what I mean by that is the appropriate amount

of attention to the appropriate thing

for the appropriate amount of time.

Think about harmony in terms of music.

You go to see an orchestra play a symphony,

and during a piece maybe the string section,

the violins, for example,

are featured in that particular section of the piece.

It's the appropriate amount of attention

to the appropriate thing,

the string section or the violins,

for the appropriate amount of time.

Those violins aren't going for the whole song,

rocking out on this solo, right, the whole way.

So that is what I've learned to embrace instead.

And on a very practical level,

one of the things that I've done to do this

is to engage in activities at the end of the work day.

Here it is about 5:30 my time on a Monday.

I've had a long day of Mastermind calls, coaching calls,

writing assignments.

You can see it in my eyes; they're a little bleary

because I've been staring at a computer screen all day.

And, you know what, my work day, my workload has received

the appropriate amount of attention for today.

So I need to disengage.

There are a couple of ways I'd do this.

Maybe I go get a workout in.

Maybe I take my dogs on a walk.

That often doesn't work, because while I'm walking

I'm thinking about work.

But on other days I cook.

So here we are in my kitchen,

and tonight I'm cooking.

It's my duty tonight.

So I'm gonna cook this meal from Green Chef,

Steak n' Egg Flatbreads.

When I get a a recipe, a framework (laughs)

from an expert, I follow it.

Tonight I'm not messing around.

I'm going to be cooking all this stuff

and, you know what, you better believe

that I'm going to need to pay the appropriate amount

of attention to the appropriate thing

for the appropriate amount of time,

especially if I'm gonna be using tools like this.

This is a brand new cutlery set that we got,

Zwilling Five Star hardened steel from Solingen, Germany.

You know what, if I'm not paying attention,

I could really hurt myself with this.

I am going to pay the appropriate amount of attention,

which is cooking this meal, for the appropriate

amount of time, for as long it takes

until this thing is done.

My work day has received enough of my attention for today.

It's time to unwind, so I hope you'll embrace

that concept of harmony and do away with this idea

of work-life balance and beating yourself up

because you're not perfectly balanced,

eight hours of work, eight hours of play,

eight hours of sleep.

Who lives like that?

That's not possible.

So I'm gonna get to work on this,

and I'm gonna show you what I create in just a second.

I've got my makeshift hairnet on because, you know,

I've still gotta be sanitary in my own kitchen.

Here we go.

We're ready to get the flatbread in the oven.

Boom, there we go.

Dinner is served.

Steak, egg, flatbread, onions, some kale salad

with vinaigrette, and there it is.

It's all about harmony.

Appropriate amount of attention to the appropriate thing

for the appropriate amount of time.

I'm gonna enjoy dinner.

You have a great dinner or great breakfast or great lunch,

whenever you're tuning into this.

Have a great week, and I hope that concept of harmony

helps you out, just shifts your perspective a little bit.

Work-life balance, not attainable.

Harmony, appropriate amount of attention

to the appropriate thing for the appropriate amount of time.

I'm gonna pay attention to dinner now.

You have a great day, and I'll see you back here

on the next episode of Mike Kim TV, the vlog.

For more infomation >> MKTV #4 - Work Life Balance Is A Lie, Embrace This Instead (from my kitchen) - Duration: 4:02.

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No Matter What You are Going Through -- There Really Is Hope | Jon Bernie | Embodied Awareness - Duration: 17:56.

So, in case you were worried, the good news is that there is hope.

Actually, a long time ago -- it could easily be 40 years -- I heard a line that said, a yogi's

life is hopeless.

And I thought that was really funny.

Really deep and profound and clever.

Because it meant that a yogi's life is nowhere but right here.

And hope is some thought about a thought called the future.

And yet, it's really deeply our longing.

Our longing to come home.

Relatively speaking there is without doubt hope.

And you can't not find freedom.

How is it possible to have trust in an infinite unknowable universe?

How is it possible?

And yet we all know on some level that that's true.

It's an infinite unknowable universe.

And yet we go about our day and we go about our lives mostly not flipping out about that.

Some people more, I mean I probably flipped out about it very young and that's why I'm here.

But that trust is really another ... it's a code name for awareness.

For presence.

For your true nature.

Your true consciousness.

And that's why we long to reunite with our deep true self.

So, that we really are in the space of trusting.

Even though in our lives that are delivering us all kinds of circumstances, often unwanted

and difficult,

we can still return back to the fullness of open trusting being.

That is really what is meant by the perfection of being.

Some people misunderstand that and are trying to be personally perfect.

They think that's spiritual.

I think, I mean I used to think that.

But the truth is I'm not perfect and you're not perfect and that's perfect.

And yet, as you taste the truth or glimpse it or open to it more and more, you know deep

in your heart of being that that's really... my brain just, thoughts just disappeared, sorry.

Just went poof!

It was there a minute ago.

It's understandable that the old way of talking about it was transcending the human

condition.

And I think that when the Buddha apparently said that life is suffering, he was talking

about the possibility of ... another possibility of freedom.

So, as you open here, now, cause that's the only reality you'll ever be in, all other

thoughts are just thoughts.

So how about continually, as needed, inviting yourself back to just be open and available.

And noticing what's trying or wanting or struggling or out of balance.

And letting the spaciousness of your awareness include the imperfection of your human condition.

And at the same time resting in the nourishing, healing space of that openness.

Because as you realize this and truly awaken fully, you'll find that it is really the true

refuge that you've been seeking.

And it will be with you through this whole life and beyond.

And no matter what you are going through or have to go through, it really is the one thing

that is reliable.

The so-called permanent.

So, when it's here in the present, find out how to welcome it and give yourself to

it simultaneously.

So, you're not just looking to receive but you realize that you are also generating it.

You are it.

And when you connect into that movement of receiving and giving it is actually love.

Its unconditional love.

Big heart, love.

Where we actually know that we are not separate.

It's not a belief or a groovy, new age idea.

But it's actually reality.

We may not have ever met or talked and yet

there is an energetic something that we all are ... one in.

That's what the "oneness" means

in all the different expressions of this truth.

The so called non-dual, the oneness.

That's what its referring too.

Realizing this divinity that you are.

As I said earlier you can't not.

It takes a lot of effort to not be free.

To not realize it.

That's a key, that's a hint.

Wow, OK.

Does that mean that if I bring awareness to the struggle that something will release?

Yes, that's the whole point.

I don't think Buddha said that life is suffering because he wanted people to be bummed out.

He didn't want to lay a bad trip on people.

Or have them become hopeless, or to fall into despair.

But rather it was a hint, like, hey folks, guess what.

Pay attention to how you're grasping or how you're pushing away or how you're wanting

to hold onto something.

Or wanting to understand something.

And once you bring awareness to the struggle, the truth of your being will be in the foreground

automatically.

So, it is true that the struggle really is ironically our struggle prevents us from being

free.

So, to bring awareness to it we automatically springboard into freedom.

And we find that here when we meet and we have a dialogue.

This isn't you know career counseling or personal problem solving or therapy.

It's actually a space where you invite yourself to express the essence of the condition.

The essence of the struggle.

When I say that I mean the expression that has the energy of the struggle.

that vibrates the energy of the wanting.

Not just some mind trip about it but really the guts of it.

The heart of it.

And when that happens, when you offer that instantly awareness comes into the foreground.

Not because you did it, not because you let go of it.

It's that profoundly ungraspably simple.

And that's why, if you really understand what I am saying, then you can go back to your

mindfulness practice or whatever it is that you do to invite yourself back to being here

and you'll find out how it really works.

It's not the technique.

No.

Lots of good techniques.

It's how you do the dance.

It's how you listen to the music.

And how you do the dance.

And you'll learn and become more sensitive.

You may even find that it's like playing a musical instrument and there's a certain

sensitivity in listening and every time you listen you refine the movements of your fingers

or whatever you're doing, singing.

The way the vibration is resonating through your body.

So, this journey can be really amazing and fascinating.

Completely mind-blowing in a good way.

And it happens right here and now.

So, don't wait for something else.

Give up the future.

As far as liberation goes.

Give up the future.

And just feel the pain of the longing.

Of wanting to return to that truth that you experienced and knew profoundly.

And with love and tenderness and compassion, open to "what is" right now.

Even if it's frightening.

Even if it's sad or frustrating.

Find out how to welcome what is right now.

Don't think about it.

Don't run your head about it.

Turn off the internal Wi-Fi and internet.

You're not going to find it on google.

You're going to find it right here.

All the teaching, all the guidance, all that you need --

the infinite knowledge that you need is already within you.

There is nothing outside of you actually.

So, feel and open to that closeness, that nearness of presence.

And let it guide you through this life.

Let it reveal itself to you in the infinite ways that it will every moment, anew.

So, like I said at the beginning, there really is hope.

There really is.

What we are doing here, what we are allowing here really works.

We're not doing it; we're allowing it.

We're learning if anything, how to allow it to work through us and have it guide us.

So, I want to thank you for your wonderful attention and presence and profound listening.

Really, it's wonderful to be in this sacred space with you and I wish you just continual

unfoldment of your deepest self, because I know it will continue to happen.

I hope to see you as soon as possible, I guess.

And in the meantime, take wonderful care of yourself and happy trails.

Thank you.

For more infomation >> No Matter What You are Going Through -- There Really Is Hope | Jon Bernie | Embodied Awareness - Duration: 17:56.

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[ENG/CHI TRAILER] The Best Girl Group Ever "Girls Next Door" Is Here! - Duration: 6:21.

[Deep discussions within the meeting]

We talked about a lot of things.

I think making a drama from our own stories

is really great.

[Our real stories...] Our lives after debuting.

[Becoming idol drama writers!]

Hello, I'm Writer YooA.

I'm Writer Sohee.

What should I do?

[So difficult] Being a writer is probably hard for everyone.

I'm nervous and excited,

but also overwhelmed.

I'm writing in between schedules.

It's really hard.

[So] My schedule for April and May came out.

[My record of things]

This is my drawing diary.

Salon at 5:30.

[Youth devoted life] I want to go home.

At home, I'm...

[Precious teenage years]

I wrote this much.

[Writing as it is!] Including the top.

Hi, it's Su-Jeong.

[Hard part of girl group life?] Not being able to eat is...

Not eating.

[Calling all personal connections!]

[This is how it's made!]

[Our drama script!] [Let's only walk on a flower road]

Seulgi, fighting!

[Untold stories] What is this? No way!

[Revealing their true feelings] I'll remember this...

Produced by KBS.

[Can't leave out the song!]

[Produced by Jin-thoven] Ready?

[Best girl group song] [has been born!]

[Vroom vroom]

- Vroom vroom. - Okay.

[Such a catchy line]

[Choreography is a must!]

[New start as the best girl group!]

Making one or two mistakes is okay. But how many have I made?

Why are you yelling at me?

Can I eat something? I'm having a hard time.

Let's eat like this, and then...

Why are you telling me that?

[Acting... It's hard...]

I pressure myself and wear myself out.

What if you start hating me?

Why did you change it? What do you know?

[Adding terrible acting] [into a great project?]

I can't do this.

[The help of senior actors]

We're performing today, and you're still sleeping?

Your attitude is not right~

What are you doing?

Girls' Generation would already be at the salon by now~

[Confidence regained!]

[The drama starts now!]

I think a name that's always next to us would be great.

The Girl Next Door!

Let's go to "Music Bank!"

[With an outdated name,]

[The Girl Next Door is here!] You told me you'd take care of me if I released an album!

Our album is out.

Hey! So come back after it gets big~

Come back if it gets popular, okay?

Hello, We're The Girl Next Door.

We want to become singers who are good at acting.

- It'll be hard, right? - Yes, of course.

It's not easy to become like me.

Singers need to be acknowledged by their singing.

Cute.

Live is hard. I love it when I lipsync.

Are you wrestlers?

Let's just grab the thigh band.

Do you want to be on stage

by eating and doing whatever you want?

Is that a celebrity?

You're done if you pass 50kg.

If I have to lose more weight, I'll have to shave my hair.

- I'm going~ - What is that?

[Without any guarantees,] [I still dance!]

I'm a fan of The Girl Next Door. Come next door to me, too.

- Thank you. - Bye.

You're the most popular because you came in as a rookie.

Aren't you already safe?

- What are you talking about? - Am I saying anything wrong?

Honestly, if others get eliminated,

you'll be happy, right?

Sohee, that's a little overboard.

There's no such thing as loyalty. This is all a competition.

We have to survive!

Isn't that what it's all about?

Even though there were rough times,

for the last three years, we depended on one another and held on.

Do you know how much

goes towards your food, transportation, housing, and outfits

each day?

I'll leave.

You talked to the CEO separately? [Endless conflicts]

Who do you think you are?

Do you think you'll be able to debut with them?

You'll never debut this way. You'll just be dreaming forever.

Hey Somi! Just leave.

- What? - Are you that great?

If you're that great, I guess I'll see you at "Music Bank."

This doesn't make sense.

Who will be the final member of THE5 in this group...

[By stepping on you,] [I can debut!]

[Only one chance!]

[As peers and friends...]

[our try at 1st place at "Music Bank"!] Today's winner is...

[The best girl group is coming!]

[The Girl Next Door's] [rebellion has begun!]

What are you doing? What are you doing?

Girls' Generation would already be at the salon by now~

[Idol Drama Operation Team] [START]

For more infomation >> [ENG/CHI TRAILER] The Best Girl Group Ever "Girls Next Door" Is Here! - Duration: 6:21.

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What is the Crown? - Duration: 2:00.

One of the complexities of New Zealand relates to the expression, the Crown, well the Crown is a very complicated entitiy, the Crown wears many hats, its not just the crown on the head of the Queen, it is in a sense the government and how do you distinguish the crown from the government. Where does one start and the other end.

Well the Crown is the successor of the British Crown and the Queen Victoria, was of course a party to the treaty. So the Crown, the executive in New Zealand if you like is the is is the inheritor of the obligations that the Queen took on in 1840.

The Crown is also the the principle part of the justice system, the judges are Her Majesty's judges, the Queen is the fountainhead of justice. Ah, the public service operates in the name of The Crown and so The Crown is the head of state as well.

When I use the Crown, I'm really talking about the executive government but, that, that's perhaps a technical use and maybe people use the Crown to mean the state, because that's also possible. In which case it would embrace all branches of government, legislative, executive and judicial.

So you see, these ideas merge together, they become quite complicated and people don't understand them. It's, it's not surprising.

For more infomation >> What is the Crown? - Duration: 2:00.

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UQx LGD1 021 What is team leadership - Duration: 6:39.

Globalisation. Advances in technology.

The increasing pace and volume of data and information.

The interwoven nature of socio-political, economic, and environmental issues at the

local and international levels.

These things have all significantly increased the complexity of the tasks and issues faced

by leaders.

To be able to effectively deal with these complex and multidimensional issues, organisations

are becoming more and more reliant on teams.

As a result, the role of team leadership is increasingly identified as the core factor

in the success or failure of organisations.

Teams give organisations the agility that is required to handle ever changing and complex

local and international issues.

Organisations that have effective teams benefit from greater productivity, more effective

use of resources, better decision making and problem solving, better-quality products and

services, and greater innovation and creativity.

In this video we will learn about team leadership and how a leader can promote a team's performance.

Team' can be defined as "a bounded and stable set of individuals interdependent for

a common purpose" Similarly, Hill defines a team as "a group

that is composed of members who are interdependent, who share common goals, and who must coordinate

their activities to accomplish these goals" .

Some examples of teams include project management teams, quality teams, event management teams,

and task forces.

In a team all the members need to work collectively to be able to achieve their shared goals.

OK, what is involved in effective team leadership?

And what is the role of leaders in this regard?

Traditionally, team leadership referred to an appointed and formal team leader who performed

the required behaviours to lead the team.

In today's environment, however, it has been recognised that many teams do not necessarily

have a formally designated leader In those teams, leadership is not tied to

a specific individual.

In fact, leadership is undertaken by different team members as situations warrant.

There are two things we need to know about concerning teams, they are firstly that teams

provide leadership to organisations and secondly that team members are responsible for leading

their own work So we know that responsibility within the

team may shift among leaders and team members over time.

Amos and Klimoski tell us, "for a team to be effective, key functions must be enacted

by team members who often lack formal authority".

That is, team members share leadership.

Pearce and colleagues also tell us that, "Shared leadership occurs when group members actively

and intentionally shift the role of leader to one another as necessitated by the environment

or circumstances in which the group operates".

Team members take on leadership roles to help the team maximise team effectiveness.

Shared leadership means that the power in the group is fluid and dynamic and shifts

from one member to another.

As opposed to hierarchy, the flow of power within teams is called

heterarchy.

Heterarchy is critically important in successfully dealing with global issues.

The traditional authority structure in organisations often does not support lateral decision making.

But teams that demonstrate heterarchy, enjoy high level of agility and velocity in responding

to complex issues.

Shared leadership, however, involves some risks and requires some courage from the team

members who decide to take a leadership role.

First of all, we should consider that team members can CHOOSE whether or not to take

on a team leadership role.

Just because the team needs leadership in a given situation, does not mean that a team

member would necessarily step forward to provide leadership.

But what factors affect a team member's decision to step forward and take on a team

leadership role?

Amos and Klimoski identify three key factors that might influence this choice.

Subjective Risk.

If a team member, who has the potential to act as the team leader in a given situation,

perceives that the risk of failure is high, he or she might decide not to step forward.

Factors such as lack of clarity about the team objectives, multiple ways to achieve

a specific team goal, or a high chance of significant physical or professional risk

to others, may increase subjective risk.

Another factor that affects a team member's willingness to take up a leadership role is

the team member's moral awareness to act ethically to improve the situation.

For example a team member might decide to adopt a leadership role when they realise

that inaction could lead to poor outcomes for their team.

The third factor is courage.

Rate and colleagues define courage as " a wilful, intentional act, executed after mindful

deliberation, involving objective substantial risk to the actor, primarily motivated to

bring about a noble good or worthy end despite perhaps the presence of the emotion of fear."

Team members who exhibit courage are more likely to step forward and act the team leader

under conditions of risk.

Amos and Klimoski emphasise that 'confidence', 'character' and as well as 'credibility'

underlie courage.

As values, preferences, expectations, and priorities associated with addressing issues

vary from country to country, dealing with global issues may bring some level of disagreement

and conflict among nations.

But because international issues engage multiple nations and generations, people from different

countries and different cultures need to work collaboratively to deal with global issues.

For this reason, shared leadership plays a critical role in achieving International development.

As teams with shared leadership benefit from more trust, more cohesion, and more consensus

and less conflict compared to those teams with formal leaders.

For more infomation >> UQx LGD1 021 What is team leadership - Duration: 6:39.

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UQx LGD1 004 Who is a leader in development? - Duration: 8:55.

Who comes to mind, when you think of a leader in development?

Is it someone like this?

A community elder.

A frontline worker with a local NGO.

The CEO of an international aid organisation.

An overseas development worker in the field.

Or someone like this?

A national leader speaking at the UN.

All of these images depict leaders in development.

It took me a long time to appreciate the importance of leadership in development.

And it seemed wrong to talk about leadership, when the whole endeavour involves partnering

with people who are less privileged and most vulnerable, and in supporting them to flourish.

I didn't like the idea of charismatic leaders who heroically changed the world, given all

of the other things I knew to be involved.

Then I learnt that this is not how leadership is understood anywhere anymore.

Effective leadership involves bringing together coalitions and collaborations, where power

is distributed across multiple agents: it is not about any individual heroically saving

the day.

These images also show us the diverse ways that development is understood and performed.

Although the space is very diverse, the leadership theory we cover in this course will be useful

regardless of your role within global development.

Development is not limited to outsiders providing assistance to under-privileged recipients

or poor consumers.

Within communities there are elected members, traditional elders, matriarchs, government

officials, and religious leaders, who actively lead others in their local contexts.

Many of these people work independently of any outside assistance whatsoever.

Their leadership is crucially important in development.

Whether you work for an international NGO, a private sector aid contracting business,

a fledgling social enterprise, or volunteer within your own community, development is

about change, and social change is about leading people.

So it's important to know, who leads, how they lead, when they lead, and why they lead

change.

There are no simple divisions between the different roles people play in development.

An increasing number of people from developing countries now work in development, in their

home countries.

And at smaller sub-national scales, people who are disadvantaged themselves relative

to others in their country - such as Indigenous or minority groups - they too work in development

in their own communities.

Development organisations are increasingly decentralising their operations to national

offices in developing countries, and employing more local staff in the process.

Nationals governments, especially those in middle-income countries, have started to serve

their own disadvantaged citizens through development programs.

There are also increasing numbers of home-grown, grass-roots, Indigenous NGOs, who are applying

for aid funding.

Many nationals aspire to international careers in multi-lateral aid agencies, like the UNDP

or the World Bank.

So the people working in development can see themselves both as helping the poor within

their society, but also in need of development assistance themselves, for funding, training

or foreign scholarships.

Development is becoming an increasingly crowded field.

Leadership in development is not only about coming up with the new idea, or the right

policy solution - it involves brokering new collaborations.

There are now many different organisations and individuals working in development, and

the numbers keep growing.

They all have their own idea of how to bring about change.

Most maintain their own success story, with clear objectives and measures.

So leadership in development often involves working across a number of different organisations,

and brokering between different people and ideas.

It's about getting the right people, doing the right things, at the right times – lots

of people, in lots of different organisations, at different levels of the system, all working

together, towards shared goals.

Many leaders in development work hard to make themselves appear invisible, and then eventually

redundant.

They measure their success through the success of others, rather than their own individual

achievement.

This is a very effective form of leadership in development.

It involves facilitation, leading from behind, and supporting groups to reach their own development

goals.

It also involves deliberately stepping back from the limelight, so others can step forward,

and take the credit.

But the problem of hiding one's efforts, is that it can be difficult for others to

learn from you, and to follow your example.

This course will shine light on the often hidden work of development practitioners,

so that others might follow their lead.

If you are thinking about taking this course, I hope you ready to be a leader in development!

To find out what it takes?

In this leadership course you will learn more about yourself.

What values motivate you and give direction to your leadership?

How are your personality characteristics likely to help or hinder your leadership?

You will have a better understanding of your own potential to lead people, and to broker

new collaborations between diverse organisations and individuals.

And you will walk away with a leadership development plan that you can use to continue your leadership

development after the course is complete.

In module one, Introduction to Leadership, we will define the concept of leadership in

developing contexts.

In module two, Self-Leadership, we will consider the importance of being self-aware and how

this has implications for your own leadership journey.

In module three, we will consider three important forms of leadership: team, transformational

and authentic leadership.

In module four, we will explore the concept of wise leadership and how it can inform wisdom

in our leadership practices.

In module five, we will examine the relationship between leadership and the surrounding context,

as well as different styles and roles of leadership.

In module six, we will focus on adaptive leadership and how it can be used in development to address

complex problems.

In module seven, we discuss power, legitimacy, politics and influence as it relates to leadership

in development.

In module eight, we focus on Cross boundary leadership.

And in Module nine, we examine the principles and methods of developing your leadership

capabilities as you grow into the future.

We hope you enjoy the course and look forward to chatting with you in the discussion forums.

We also hope after finishing all of the MOOCs in this MicroMasters series, and satisfying

the entry requirements, that we will meet you on-campus for the full Master's program.

For more infomation >> UQx LGD1 004 Who is a leader in development? - Duration: 8:55.

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UQx LGD1 101 Wisdom is more than intelligence - Duration: 12:58.

Do you have to be really intelligent to be wise?

Opinion varies, but I'll give you my opinion straight away and then justify it.

Yes, you do need to have above average intelligence.

But I would add two important qualifiers.

Understanding these qualifiers – types of intelligence and the importance of virtue

– is the purpose of this lecture.

The first qualifier is that, because there are multiple forms of intelligence, we have

to know what sort of intelligence we are talking about.

Howard Gardener, a Harvard University Professor of Cognition in 1983 identified nine types

of intelligence that included being nature smart, musical-sound smart, logical-mathematical

smart, existential or life smart, interpersonal or people smart, bodily-smart, and linguistic

smart.

Now I suspect that there are a lot more ways of being smart like Indigenous people's

capacity to read an arid landscape for survival or to transfer knowledge and history across

generations without written records.

But putting to one side these "smarts", let us focus on the cognitive domain where

two broad forms of intelligence can be understood from a developmental view.

These are fluid and crystallised intelligence, concepts first used by Raymond Cattell and

John Horn in 1966, and still widely used today.

Fluid intelligence is determined by the level of complexity a person can apply to determine

relationships when he or she cannot draw on knowledge already stored in memory.

In short, it is the capacity for abstract reasoning that is independent of learning,

experience, and education.

Crystallised intelligence is the ability to use judgment, discrimination, and reasoning

drawing on one's experience and learning.

They are "complex, acquired abilities" that contribute to a capacity for high-level

judgment.

Highly intelligent people deploy both intelligences to produce practical intelligence.

Robert Sternberg, a world leader on practical wisdom writes:

Practical intelligence is defined as the ability that individuals use to find a more optimal

fit between themselves and the demands of the environment through adapting to the environment,

shaping (or modifying) the environment, or selecting a new environment in the pursuit

of personally-valued goals.

It can be characterised as "street smarts" or "common sense" and can be contrasted

with academic intelligence or "book smarts".

Crystallised intelligence is built on "tacit knowledge", which in turn is the practical

ability to learn from experience and to apply that knowledge in pursuit of personally valued

goals.

Such knowledge is, by its nature, context specific.

Sternberg provides an example: Imagine you are in a public forum and your

boss says something or does something that you perceive as wrong or inappropriate.

If the boss does not ask for questions or comments, then you should speak directly to

the point of contention and not make evaluative statements about your boss.

This will save the boss from embarrassment and preserve your relationship with him or

her.

As Sternberg points out, tacit knowledge is more than a set of abstract procedural rules.

It is context-specific knowledge about what to do in a given situation or class of situations.

Fluid intelligence appears to peak before we turn 40 years of age, whereas crystallised

intelligence grows with age.

Fluid intelligence is relatively easy to measure.

For example, Mickler and Staudinger (2008) test for logical and analogical reasoning,

a central dimension of fluid intelligence.

However, testing for crystallised intelligence is much more difficult because it is so context

specific.

However, Mickler and Staudinger found something very interesting and reassuring.

That is, although the cognitive variables of fluid intelligence were significantly correlated

with personal wisdom, those with higher levels of fluid intelligence presented an inverted-U–shaped

relationship between personal wisdom and fluid intelligence.

More specifically, they found that the top 15% of fluid intelligence – the "brainiest"

people – had a marginally negative relationship with Personal Wisdom (controlled for age)

and showed a trend to lower scores in the value domain of universalism, which is considered

to be part of a mature person's value system.

Consequently, we propose that increases in fluid intelligence – what some might measure

as IQ – is required for wise judgment, but that above a certain level, fluid intelligence

may be inversely related to wise judgment.

For those who remember the 1994 movie Forrest Gump, it can be said that the low-intelligence

hero certainly displayed good virtues.

This was because he had been sensitively and wisely raised by his mother who provided useful

aphorisms for him to navigate life like: 'Life was like a box of chocolates.

You never know what you're gonna get' and "you've got to put the past behind you

before you can move on.

However, Mr Gump, as decent as he might be, would not be able to display capabilities

such as deep self-insight, transcendent thinking, imagining scenarios, or complex problem solving.

Let's now move to my second major qualification.

This is the centrality of virtue as a fundamental characteristic of wisdom.

The Berlin School identified a cognitive, an emotional, and a motivational facet to

wisdom.

However, Monika Ardelt, in a 2004 article, criticised the Berlin School for defining

and measuring wisdom in an excessively cognitive way.

Ardelt devised a measure for wisdom with three components: cognitive, reflective, and affective.

The reflective component incorporates the transcendent capability to reflect on one's

actions in order to understand their subjective feelings and also to reflect on others'

beliefs in order to develop deep understanding of the other.

The affective component she unashamedly defines as "a person's sympathetic and compassionate

love for others".

It depends on the reflective transcendent capacity to reflect in order to reduce self-centredness.

One of the reasons I find Ardelt's work useful is that it incorporates the element

of human virtue.

Reassuringly, there is some emerging empirical evidence that wise actions are virtue based.

For example, in a Taiwanese study by Shih-Ying Yang in 2008, she analysed 66 Taiwanese people

nominated by others as being wise.

Yang found three processual features of wise people: the ability to integrate the dialectics

of life, to embody wisdom in their own personal practices, and that, as a result of this wise

practice contributed towards well-being.

Ultimately, as Aristotle pointed out, wise action is based on intellectual and moral

virtues.

The practice of these virtues resolves a fundamental existential question of the purpose of life

itself.

Life is best lived when we contribute to Eudaimonia, which is the Greek word for human flourishing.

Those involved in development work clearly are already driven by this eudaemonic motivation

to increase human flourishing.

While it is noble to desire human flourishing in situations of need, wise leaders in development

contexts, need to be cautious in trying to bring this about.

For example, in regions where women's rights are very limited, sensible caution is needed

to bring about change.

Instances of successfully reducing domestic violence and providing greater economic independence

for women show that it required more than fluid intelligence.

Crystallised intelligence developed by observing and reflecting on the current practices is

needed to deeply understand how not to get potential allies offside.

Emotional regulation is also needed in order to avoid intervening to prevent harm when

that intervention could simply lead to even greater repression.

Knowing how to frame changes in a way that keeps power-brokers onside and creates awareness

among the oppressed is not something that a development leader can learn from a textbook.

It is a skill and insight that is achieved by patient observation and by building relationships,

which are the mark of a wise person.

So, to sum up, we have seen that wisdom does require a strong platform of intelligence.

This intelligence comprises our capacity for solving problems by drawing on a capacity

to think abstractly.

However, a vital aspect of our intelligence as we grow older is crystallised intelligence,

which uses rich life experience and reflection to add to our store of deep understanding.

These develop transcendent thought.

However, a necessary – not just desirable, but necessary – component of wisdom is to

be virtuous.

This is transcendent morality: it is transcendent because it places the good of others as the

cornerstone of all we do.