Waching daily Jun 30 2017

I look forward to all the future missions that NASA is going to be sending out in the

Solar System.

Here, check this out.

You can use NASA's website to show you all the future missions.

Here's everything planned for the future, here's everything going to Mars.

Now, let's look and see what missions are planned for the outer planets of the Solar

System, especially Uranus and Neptune.

Oh, that's so sad… there's nothing.

It's been decades since humanity had an up close look at Uranus and Neptune.

For Uranus, it was Voyager 2, which swept through the system in 1986.

We got just a few tantalizing photographs of the ice giant planet and it's moons.

What's that?

What's going on there?

What are those strange features?

Sorry, insufficient data.

And then Voyager 2 did the same, zipping past Neptune in 1989.

Check that out, and that, and this.

What's going here on Triton?

Wouldn't you like to know more?

Well, too bad!

You can't it's done, that's all you get.

Don't get me wrong, I'm glad we've studied all these other worlds.

I'm glad we've had orbiters at Mercury, Venus, everything at Mars, Jupiter, and especially

Saturn.

We've seen Ceres and Vesta, and the Moon up close.

We even got a flyby of Pluto and Charon.

It's time to go back to Uranus and Neptune, this time to stay.

And I'm not the only one who feels this way.

Scientists at NASA recently published a report called the Ice Giant Mission Study, and it's

all about various missions that could be sent to explore Uranus, Neptune and their fascinating

moons.

The team of scientists who worked on the study considered a range of potential missions to

the ice giants, and in the end settled on four potential missions; three that could

go to Uranus, and one headed for Neptune.

Each of them would cost roughly $2 billion.

Uranus is closer, easier to get to, and the obvious first destination of a targeted mission.

For Uranus, NASA considered three probes.

The first idea is a flyby mission, which will sweep past Uranus gathering as much science

as it can.

This is what Voyager 2 did, and more recently what NASA's New Horizons did at Pluto.

In addition, it would have a separate probe, like the Cassini and Galileo missions, that

would detach and go into the atmosphere to sample the composition below the cloudtops.

The mission would be heavy and require an Atlas V rocket with the same configuration

that sent Curiosity to Mars.

The flight time would take 10 years.

The main science goal of this mission would be to study the composition of Uranus.

It would make some other measurements of the system as it passed through, but it would

just be a glimpse.

Better than Voyager, but nothing like Cassini's decade plus observations of Saturn.

I like where this is going, but I'm going to hold out for something better.

The next idea is an orbiter.

Now we're talking!

It would have all the same instruments as the flyby and the detachable probe.

But because it would be an orbiter, it would require much more propellant.

It would have triple the launch mass of the flyby mission, which means a heavier Atlas

V rocket.

And a slightly longer flight time; 12 years instead of 10 for the flyby.

Because it would remain at Uranus for at least 3 years, it would be able to do an extensive

analysis of the planet and its rings and moons.

But because of the atmospheric probe, it wouldn't have enough mass for more instruments.

It would have more time at Uranus, but not a much better set of tools to study it with.

Okay, let's keep going.

The next idea is an orbiter, but without the detachable probe.

Instead, it'll have the full suite of 15 scientific instruments, to study Uranus from

every angle.

We're talking visible, doppler, infrared, ultraviolet, thermal, dust, and a fancy wide

angle camera to give us those sweet planetary pictures we like to see.

Study Uranus?

Yes please.

But while we're at it, let's also sent a spacecraft to Neptune.

As part of the Ice Giants Study, the researchers looked at what kind of missions would be possible.

In this case, they settled on a single recommended mission.

A huge orbiter with an additional atmospheric probe.

This mission would be almost twice as massive as the heaviest Uranus mission, so it would

need a Delta IV Heavy rocket to even get out to Neptune.

As it approached Neptune, the mission would release an atmospheric probe to descend beneath

the cloudtops and sample what's down there.

The orbiter would then spend an additional 2 years in the environment of Neptune, studying

the planet and its moons and rings.

It would give us a chance to see its fascinating moon Triton up close, which seems to be a

captured Kuiper Belt Object.

Unfortunately there's no perfect grand tour trajectory available to us any more, where

a single spacecraft could visit all the large planets in the Solar System.

Missions to Uranus and Neptune will have to be separate, however, if NASA's Space Launch

System gets going, it could carry probes for both destinations and launch them together.

In a moment, I'm going to talk about the science.

What do we want to know about Uranus and Neptune, but first I'd like to thank Nelson Reyes,

Martin Assche, R.Instro, and the rest of our 750 patrons for their generous support.

If you love what we're doing and want to get in on the action, head over to patreon.com/universetoday

The goal of these missions is the science.

We want to understand the ice giants of the outer Solar System, which are quite different

from both the inner terrestrial planets and the gas giants Jupiter and Saturn.

The gas giants are mostly hydrogen and helium, like the Sun.

But the ice giants are 65% water and other ices made from methane and ammonia.

But it's not like they're big blobs of water, or even frozen water.

Because of their huge gravity, the ice giants crush this material with enormous pressure

and temperature.

What happens when you crush water under this much pressure?

It would all depend on the temperature and pressure.

There could be different types of ice down there.

At one level, it could be an electrically conductive soup of hydrogen and oxygen, and

then further down, you might get crystallized oxygen with hydrogen ions running through

it.

Hailstones made of diamond could form out of the carbon-rich methane and fall down through

the layers of the planets, settling within a molten carbon core.

What I'm saying is, it could be pretty strange down there.

We know that ice giants are common in the galaxy, in fact, they've made up the majority

of the extrasolar planets discovered so far.

By better understanding the ones we have right here in our own Solar System, we can get a

sense of the distant extrasolar planets turning up.

We'll be better able to distinguish between the super earths and mini-neptunes.

Another big question is how these planets formed in the first place.

In their current models, most planetary astronomers think these planets had very short time windows

to form.

They needed to have massive enough cores to scoop up all that material before the newly

forming Sun's solar wind blasted it all out into space.

And yet, why are these kinds of planets so common in the Universe?

The NASA mission planners developed a total of 12 science objectives for these missions,

focusing on the composition of the planets and their atmospheres.

And if there's time, they'd like to know about how heat moves around, their constellations

of rings and moons.

They'd especially like to investigate Neptune's moons Triton, which looks like a captured

Kuiper Belt Object, as it orbits in the reverse direction from all the other moons in the

Solar System.

In terms of science, the two worlds are very similar.

But because Neptune has Triton.

If I had to choose, I'd go with a Neptune mission.

Are you excited?

I'm excited.

Here's the bad news.

According to NASA, the best launch windows for these missions would be 2029 or 2034.

And that's just the launch time, the flight time is an additional decade or more on top

of that.

In other words, the first photos from a Uranus flyby could happen in 2039 or 2035, while

orbiters could arrive at either planet in the 2040s.

I'm sure my future grandchildren will enjoy watching these missions arrive.

But then, we have to keep everything in perspective.

NASA's Cassini mission was under development in the 1980s.

It didn't launch until 1997, and it didn't get to Saturn until 2004.

It's been almost 20 years since that launch, and almost 40 years since they started working

on it.

I guess we need to be more patient.

I can be patient.

So far, NASA hasn't suggested any names for these missions.

What would you call them?

And now I'm going to naively ask for your ideas for the names of probes to Uranus…

and Neptune.

Let me know your thoughts in the comments.

In our next episode, I wonder why we haven't sent humans anywhere interesting in a long

time, and propose a better way to explore space: capability-based human space exploration.

That's next time.

For this episode's playlist, I've queued up a bunch of videos about Uranus and Neptune,

starting with our own video about why Uranus is on its side.

Then Phil Plait's Crash Course Astronomy about the ice giants.

How to Pronounce Uranus, the Planets Beyond Neptune, and an astronomy lecture about the

ice giants of the Solar System.

It would have all the same instruments - aww.

For more infomation >> Is Time To Go Back to Uranus and Neptune? Revisiting Ice Giants of the Solar System - Duration: 9:18.

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THIS is HOW TO GET GIRLS AT THE GYM | How to Approach A Girl at the Gym - Duration: 6:56.

You're at the gym, working on your gains doing some weighted dips and in the middle

of your last rep you see THE hottest girl walk by in those tight Nike leggings that

all girls wear at the gym.

She starts putting weights on the squat rack in front of you and now you're awkwardly

staring at her in between sets worried that you're not pushing enough weight to impress

her.

Now if you're not subscribed to my channel you'd probably stay in this awkward situation

and just make weird eye contact with her through the mirror before quickly looking away, yeah

you know what I'm talking about, don't even lie!!

How to get girls at the gym is a question I get asked AT LEAST 3 times a day which I

actually find to be a good thing since that means you guys are actually going to the gym

which already puts you ahead of the large percentage of guys who don't.

My advice for getting girls at the gym is similar to all the other advice I've given

about approaching girls because it's all the same once you boil it down, and the exact

specifications of each scenario don't really matter all that much.

The reason I address this is because I've been reading a lot of questions from you guys

on my Instagram lately and this one comes up A LOT - oh, and by the way, if you don't

follow me you should at "i am based zeus"- but seriously since I don't wanna be like

those bullshit pickup artists who drag shit out and don't give actual advice, I just

wanted to remind you guys to stop overthinking shit and just do stuff.

Most of the questions I'm asked can be answered with a simple "just make a move," or "just

ask her out," or "just do it".

When you're faced with a girl problem, or problems in general in your life, just ask

yourself, what's the worst that will happen if I just do it?

Damn ... this just turned into a life advice episode

Based Zeus.

Life coach to the stars.

Damn, I like it.

Speech over, now it's time for the actual advice.

#1.

When you see a girl you want to talk to at the gym, the number one most important thing

is to make eye contact with her.

Eye contact with a girl is a really good indicator of whether or not she's interested and wants

you to talk to her.

Her body language is important too but don't spend too much time thinking about this since

it starts to remind me of those nonsense 20 minute videos PUAs make about the tiniest

bullshit, like "count the number of times she puts her hair behind her ear, then divide

it by the number of times she looks at your lips and then take the square root of that"

like bro shut the fuck up with all that!!

With body language, just stick to the basics, if a girl has looked at you a few times, and

she's standing in a way that she's angled towards you looking like she's open to you

approaching, then it's a sign she wants you to go ahead and talk to her.

Making sure a girl makes eye contact with you at the gym BEFORE you talk to her is important,

because a lot of people like to be left alone at the gym, so if she isn't really giving

you any signs, you may end up just annoying her.

(example about TV show pickup)

#2.

Choose the right time to approach her.

Now this may seem obvious, but being a frequent gym-goer, I regularly see guys approach girls

while they're about to start a set or even in the middle of their set.

I don't think I need to explain to you why this is a stupid idea.

This is BY FAR the easiest way to piss the girl off and make her NOT want to talk to

you since you're just interrupting her from doing what she came to the gym to do, which

is to workout ... I mean imagine you're hitting your squats, you're going for a set of 6 and

you're coming up on rep number 5, you're pumped up, you're listening to music, and you're

really into it, and then some dude you've never met before just strolls up and is like

"hey dude, I love your shoes!

You seen Wonder Woman yet?"

Like what the fuck?!

A good time to approach is if you happen to be working in on the same machine that she's

on, because this way it's a natural and organic way to start a conversation with her.

This doesn't mean to just go work in on the machine she's using JUST TO TALK TO

HER, because that makes it obvious that you're only there FOR HER.

Like if you were doing some incline bench, then flat bench, then cable flys, and then

you walk over and ask to work in with her at the pussy machine, it's gonna be really

obvious to her that you're just there to talk to her.

Talking to girls at the gym is all about choosing the right time to talk to her since it's

really easy to catch her at a bad time in this setting.

Now, in my other videos I've recommended that the right time to approach a girl, is whenever

you feel like it.

BUT, in THIS specific scenario, if she's at the gym, she's gonna be distracted and in

the middle of something, so you do want to time it right.

So some of my favorite times to talk to girls at the gym are:

• If I happen to be using a machine next to them.

I'll just go ahead and make a funny comment about the TV show they're playing on the

screens, the music that's playing in the background, or the wannabe Arnold Schwarzenegger

dude grunting loud as dick in the open area.

• Or, if your gym has a smoothie or snack bar at it, it's really easy to talk to girls

there since they're usually just waiting for whatever they ordered and are more open

to talking to guys in that scenario.

Don't overthink an opening line too much, it's pretty normal to make conversation

with people at the gym, in fact people do it all the time, so just say whatever comes

to mind based on what's going on around you.

For example, one time I asked a girl "that looks good, what flavor is it?" she told me,

it led to us talking about fruits, and diets, and "oh yeah my mom is trying this new vegetarian

diet.

oh yeah are you and your mom close?

yeah, just last month I actually went skiing with my entire family and it was great.

oh shit you ski?

I bet I could beat you if we raced.

well I don't think we're gonna be doing any skiing around here, but how about some racquetball?

loser pays for smoothies next time."

BOOM.

Easy.

All you gotta do is start the conversation and let it flow.

#3.

Getting the girl's number.

So, sometimes you may not want to get the girl's number the first time you talk to

her, if you see them at the gym a lot and you know you'll see her again the next time

you go.

Often, just starting the conversation the first time is enough, because the next time

you see her you can say hi and it won't be weird to talk to her again since you already

had a conversation.

So it's basically like the floodgates have been opened.

For example if you're talking to a girl while working at a machine and you were only

able to talk to her for a really short time then it's probably not best to ask for her

number right away since unless you're just REALLY hitting it off, it'll just seem forced.

This is a time when it's best to wait until the next time you see her to strike up conversation

again.

But if you DO get to talk to her for longer than a few minutes, then you should try to

get her number and relate it to something you guys were talking about, for example if

you were talking about this new healthy food place around the area then you can say some

shit like "i'm gonna head out now but give me your number and I'll text you the

next time I'm going there" boom you just got her number.

If she seems really into it you can even see if she's free right after and say something

like "i'm heading out to go there now actually, you should come" ... or "you're

free to come with me" ... and boom you're on a date right there.

#4.

Don't forget: you're at the gym to work out.

You shouldn't be approaching a bunch of girls every time you're in there.

First of all, you'll screw up your own workouts by constantly focusing on girls instead of

your own lifts, and second of all, if you do it over and over and over you'll just become

that creepy guy who hits on all the girls.

If you're gonna do it, don't overdo it.

And that's basically it.

In summary, make eye contact, read her body language, choose the right time to approach,

and then go in and make the move.

OUTRO: If going to the gym is your thing, I HIGHLY RECOMMEND checking out my 2 videos

about the best things to do in the gym.

One of them is focused on quick ways to gain muscle and burn fat, and the other is about

FUN ways to burn fat that don't require strict diets or ridiculous cardio regimens.

Click the links on the

For more infomation >> THIS is HOW TO GET GIRLS AT THE GYM | How to Approach A Girl at the Gym - Duration: 6:56.

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Arsenal-linked Rafinha pours doubt on Barcelona future: Everything is open - Duration: 2:42.

Arsenal-linked Rafinha pours doubt on Barcelona future: Everything is open

Arsenal have received a boost in their pursuit of Barcelona star Rafinha.

The 24-year-old Brazilian could leave the Nou Camp this summer to find more consistent game-time. Premier League giants Arsenal are said to be keeping tabs on the Barca youth product as they plan their summer spending.

And Rafinha has now handed his potential suitors a boost with his latest comments. He told Marca: My future is open to all possibilities and is in the hands of God.

Arsenal transfer targets: All the players linked with a move to the Emirates this summer   ARSENAL look set to bring in some top players during the summer transfer window - here are all the stars they've been linked with so far.

      Anthony Martial (Man Utd)  . I am a Barcelona player and the most important thing is to recover from my injury, then we will see what will happen.

What I can say is that there are no certainties, and that everything is open. Marca also reported earlier this month that Barcelona could launch a player-plus-cash deal for Hector Bellerin.

They claimed the Spanish giants are ready to offer Rafinha plus £26.2m (€30m) for right-back Bellerin, a long-term target of theirs.

Arsenal target Rafinha in action for Barcelona. While he did not mention Arsenal in his latest remarks, Rafinha is said to be interested in a move to north London.

The Olympic gold medalist, who has two full international caps for Brazil to date, believes he could be a hit at the Emirates. Rafinha broke into the Barcelona first-team in 2011 after three successful seasons in their B team.

He has since made 73 appearances for Barcas senior side, scoring 11 times.

For more infomation >> Arsenal-linked Rafinha pours doubt on Barcelona future: Everything is open - Duration: 2:42.

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15 parts of the world in which spring is especially beautiful - Duration: 3:31.

15 parts of the world in which spring is especially beautiful

15 parts of the world in which spring is especially beautiful. As spring comes, all the nature comes to life and awakens after a long sleep. The sun becomes brighter, sharing its warmth with us, and blooming flowers delight the eye. It's simply impossible to describe all this beauty!.

Bright Side collected for you some breathtaking photos, in which you can take a look at how beautiful spring is all over the world!.

Germany.

Bulgaria.

Netherlands.

China.

Plitvice Lakes National Park, Croatia.

Tatra National Park, Slovakia.

For more infomation >> 15 parts of the world in which spring is especially beautiful - Duration: 3:31.

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Kate Middleton Is "A Bit Worried" About How Kids George and Charlotte Will Behave at Pippa's Wedding - Duration: 1:20.

Weddings are unfortunately never stress free even if you're Kate Middleton.

During a Buckingham Palace garden party on Tuesday, May 16, the Duchess of Cambridge

dished about her sister Pippa Middleton's upcoming wedding and revealed she's a little

worried about how her two kids, Prince George, 3 and Princess Charlotte, 2, will behave while

serving as a page boy and bridesmaid, respectively, during the ceremony.

"She said that they were all really looking forward to her sister�s wedding at the weekend,

but she was a bit worried about how her children might behave," garden party attendee Andrew

Bates told People on Tuesday, May 16.

Pippa and James Matthews' wedding is coming up fast.

the couple will tie the knot at St. Mark�s Church in Englefield, England on the morning

of Saturday, May 20.

So, it's totally natural that Kate is voicing worries over her little ones being disruptive

during the lavish event.

Judging by how the little royals have acted in public thus far, we're sure Kate has nothing

to worry about.

tell us your thoughts in comments below.

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