Indonesia is the world's 14th-largest country in terms of land area and world's 7th-largest
country in terms of combined sea and land area.
It has an estimated population of over 260 million people and is the world's fourth most
populous country, the most populous country in Southeast Asia, as well as the most populous
Muslim-majority country.
The Indonesian archipelago has been an important region for trade since at least the 7th century,
when Srivijaya and then later Majapahit traded with China and India.
Well, that's already six facts mentioned here in the intro, sorry for that.
Here's the complete ten interesting facts about Indonesia.
Fact number one.
Bali Island is a part of Indonesia.
Okay, let's get it straight.
Bali is really a part of Indonesia and a lot of travelers don't realize it.
Bali is a popular tourist destination, which has seen a significant rise in tourists since
the 1980s.
Tourism-related business makes up 80% of its economy.
It is renowned for its highly developed arts, including traditional and modern dance, sculpture,
painting, leather, metalworking, and music.
The Indonesian International Film Festival is held every year in Bali.
In March 2017, Tripadvisor named the island the world's top destination in its Traveler's
choice award.
Bali also received the Best Island award from Travel and Leisure in 2010.Bali won because
of its attractive surroundings (both mountain and coastal areas), diverse tourist attractions,
excellent international and local restaurants, and the friendliness of the local people.
According to BBC Travel released in 2011, Bali is one of the World's Best Islands, ranking
second after Santorini of Greece.
Fact number two.
The biggest red-light district in Southeast Asia.
Um, this is the interesting part.
Indonesia have the biggest red-light disctrict in Southeast Asia.
But sorry, we think we used the wrong grammar.
It should be like this: "Indonesia once had the biggest red-light district in Southeast
Asia".
Locals call it Dolly.
Dolly is approximately 5 meter wide 150 meter long alley with about 2300 "professionals"
work under the power of their 534 pimps.
But past is in the past.
The Dolly glory days is now over.
The Surabaya city government officially shut down the "professional practices" in Dolly
on June 18, 2014.
Surabaya Mayor Tri Rismaharini, who was once named as one of the Best Mayors in the World
for "energetically promoting her social, economic and environmental policies in Indonesia's
second-largest city," was the main force behind Dolly's closure.
Critics said that the shutdown would only drive Dolly's evicted "professional workers"
underground, bringing about new problems regarding the safety and sexual health of both the professionals
and their clients.
These issues, along with other political and social implications of such an abrupt shutdown,
still linger today.
We hope you know what "professional" means here.
Fact number three.
The largest archipelago in the world.
Indonesia is the largest archipelagic country in the world, extending 5,120 kilometres from
east to west and 1,760 kilometres from north to south.
According to a geospatial survey conducted between 2007 and 2010 by National Coordinating
Agency for Survey and Mapping, Indonesia has 13,466 islands, and about 6,000 of those islands
are inhabited.
Well, that's a huge number of islands for a single country.
These islands are scattered over both sides of the equator.
The largest are Java, Sumatra, Borneo which is shared with Brunei and Malaysia, New Guinea
which is also shared with Papua New Guinea, and Sulawesi.
The capital, Jakarta, is on Java and is the nation's largest city, followed by Surabaya,
the former home of The Glory Dolly, Bandung, Medan, and Semarang.
Fact number four.
Highest number of tsunami victims in 2004.
The 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake occurred on 26 December with the epicentre off the
west coast of Sumatra, Indonesia.
The shock had a moment magnitude of 9.1 to 9.3.
The undersea megathrust earthquake was caused when the Indian Plate was subducted by the
Burma Plate and triggered a series of devastating tsunamis along the coasts of most landmasses
bordering the Indian Ocean, killing 230,000 to 280,000 people in 14 countries, and inundating
coastal communities with waves up to 30 metres.
It was one of the deadliest natural disasters in recorded history.
Indonesia was the hardest-hit country with 167,799 estimated victims, followed by Sri
Lanka with 35,322 estimated victims, India with 18,045 estimated victims , and Thailand
with 8,212 estimated victims.
Fact number five.
FIFA World Cup qualifiers.
On the international stage, Indonesia experienced limited success despite being the first Asian
team to qualify for the FIFA World Cup in 1938 as Dutch East Indies.
Only three non-European nations took part in the 1938 FIFA World Cup, which were Brazil,
Cuba and the Dutch East Indies.
This is the smallest ever number of teams from outside the host continent to compete
at a FIFA World Cup.
In 1956, the football team played in the Olympics and played a hard-fought draw against the
Soviet Union.
On the continent level, Indonesia won the bronze medal once in football in the 1958
Asian Games.
Indonesia's first appearance in Asian Cup was back in 1996.
The Indonesian national team qualified for the Asian Cup in 2000, 2004 and 2007 AFC Asian
Cup, but they were unable to move through next stage.
However, let's take a look at this clip.
Wow, what a goosebump maker.
For your information, scene like this always happen everytime Indonesian National Team
take part in an international match.
Before we continue to the next fact about Indonesia, please pause the video and click
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Fact number six.
First developing country to have their own satellite.
Palapa is a series of communication satellites owned by Indosat, an Indonesian telecommunication
company.
All the satellites were launched by the United States, starting with the first in July 1976,
at which time Indonesia became the first developing country to operate its own domestic satellite
system.
The estimated cost for this project is $1 billion.
The name "Palapa" was bestowed by then Indonesian President Suharto, after Palapa oath taken
in 1334 by Gajah Mada, the Prime Minister of Majapahit Kingdom.
According to the Pararaton (Book of Kings), Gajah Mada swore that he would not taste any
palapa (historians suggest it refers to spice or a kind of flavouring), as long as he had
not succeeded in unifying Nusantara (the Indonesian archipelago).
After watching the launching process of the satellite via television in Jakarta, President
Suharto revealed his reason on naming the satellite "palapa"; to show that Indonesia
had a glorious past, and also hope that the system can unite the archipelago.
Fact number seven.
Most populous island.
Census released in December 2015 generated a result that Java Island consist over 141
million people.
Java is home to 56.7 percent of the Indonesian population and is the most populous island
on Earth.
The Indonesian capital city, Jakarta, is located on western Java.
Much of Indonesian history took place on Java.
It was the center of powerful Hindu-Buddhist empires, the Islamic sultanates, and the core
of the colonial Dutch East Indies.
Java was also the center of the Indonesian struggle for independence during the 1930s
and 1940s.
Java dominates Indonesia politically, economically and culturally.
Formed mostly as the result of volcanic eruptions, Java is the 13th largest island in the world
and the fifth largest in Indonesia.
A chain of volcanic mountains forms an east–west spine along the island.
Three main languages are spoken on the island: Javanese, Sundanese, and Madurese.
Of these, Javanese is the dominant; it is the native language of about 60 million people
in Indonesia, most of whom live on Java.
Furthermore, most residents are bilingual, speaking Bahasa Indonesia as their first or
second language.
While the majority of the people of Java are Muslim, Java has a diverse mixture of religious
beliefs, ethnicities, and cultures.
Fact number eight.
A rich country that is poor.
This doesn't sounds good, we know that.
Sorry Indonesia.
But facts are facts.
Indonesia is a country with super rich natural resources, but they don't make much money
from their it.
The saddest fact is, other countries enjoy the money generated from Indonesian natural
resources.
The main reason why this occur is because Indonesia doesn't have the technology that
is required to process the resources.
The Grasberg Mine is one of the example, the largest gold mine and the third largest copper
mine in the world.
It is located in the province of Papua in Indonesia near Puncak Jaya, the highest mountain
in Papua.
It has 19,500 employees.
It is mostly owned by Freeport-McMoRan, which owns 90.64% of Freeport Indonesia, the principal
operating subsidiary in Indonesia.
Freeport-McMoRan operates under an agreement with the government of Indonesia, which allows
Freeport to conduct exploration, mining and production activities in total of 440,400-acre
area.
The 2006 production was 610,800 tonnes of copper; 58 million grams of gold; and 174.5
million grams of silver.
The good news is, that's a lot of money.
The bad news is, roughly half of Indonesia's population lives on less than $4 a day.
Fact number nine.
Indonesia is the home of endangered animal.
Indonesia is home to more than hundred endangered animal species that including Komodo Dragon,
Sumateran Tiger, Javan Rhinoceros, Orang Utan, Bali Starling, and many more.
But we have another sad truth here.
Deforestation and the destruction of peatlands make Indonesia the world's third largest emitter
of greenhouse gases.
Habitat destruction threatens the survival of indigenous and endemic species, including
140 species of mammals identified by the International Union for Conservation of Nature as threatened,
and 15 identified as critically endangered, including the animals we mentioned before.
Much of Indonesia's deforestation is caused by forest clearing for the palm oil industry,
which has cleared 18 million hectares of forest for palm oil expansion.
Palm oil expansion requires land reallocation as well as changes to the local and natural
ecosystems.
Palm oil expansion can generate wealth for local communities, but it can also degrade
ecosystems and cause social problems.
Well, that's such a devastating fact.
Please Indonesian, please take care of your environment.
You guys take a big part of this planet's future.
Don't worry, we will say the same thing to the Chinese, American, and Brazilian people.
Fact number ten.
Indonesia is the only nation with no language legacy from its colonialist.
Indonesian or Bahasa Indonesia is the official language of Indonesia.
It is a standardized register of Malay.
Of its large population, the majority speak Indonesian, making it one of the most widely
spoken languages in the world.
When the Dutch East Indie Company first arrived in the archipelago, the Malay language was
a significant trading and political language due to the influence of Malaccan Sultanate
and later the Portuguese.
However, the language had never been dominant among the population of the Indonesian archipelago
as it was limited to mercantile activities.
The Dutch East Indie Company adopted the Malay language as the administrative language of
their trading outpost in the east.
Following the bankruptcy of the Dutch East Indie Company, the Dutch crown took control
of the colony in 1799 and it was only then that education in and promotion of Dutch began
in the colony.
Even then, Dutch administrators were remarkably reluctant to promote the use of Dutch compared
to other colonial regimes.
Dutch thus remained the language of a small elite: in 1940, only 2% of the total population
could speak Dutch.
During the era of colonization the language that would become Indonesian absorbed a huge
amount of Dutch vocabulary in the form of loanwords.
Indonesia was also colonized by Portuguese and Japanese, but Portuguese and Japanese
never be the native language of Indonesian people.
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