Here's a cool fact, Emporer Penguins are the largest of the 17 species of penguins.
On average they measure 45 inches or 115cm tall- about the height of the average six
year old child.
Hi, welcome to Animal Facts, today we discuss the super swimmers of the South, the Emporer
Penguin, as part of our series on penguins.
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10.
Emperor penguins spend their entire lives in Antarctica - the Earth's southernmost continent
- where temperatures can drop to as low as 70° below zero.
Brrrr.
To survive in this severely frigid climate, emperor penguins are equipped with four layers
of scale-like feathers to protect them from icy winds and provide a waterproof coat.
The penguins can also store large amounts of body fat which insulates their bodies while
also serving as a long-lasting energy source.
9.
They have colorful feathers around their necks and heads, though are not quite as bright
as king penguins which are almost as large.
There is little or no possibility of confusing the two species however as their distribution
around Antarctica is very different.
While king penguins are a sub-Antarctic species, being based on islands dotted around the continent,
emperor penguins are animals of the deep south.
They are never found together.
8.
At sea, emperor penguins glide through the water with great speed and agility.
Their aerodynamic bodies or hydrodynamic and strong flippers make them excellent swimmers,
reaching speeds of 7.6 mph.
They can dive deeper than any other bird – as deep as 1850 ft. – and they can stay under
for more than 20 minutes.
7.
Emperor penguins tolerate low levels of oxygen during dives that would cause a human to pass
out and they experience pressures so great that we would get the bends.
Neither of these things seem to adversely affect these penguins.
6.
Around April every year (the start of the Antarctic winter) emperor penguins meet to
breed on the thick Antarctic ice.
Emperor penguins breed almost exclusively on sea ice and so are perhaps the only species
of bird that never sets foot on land.
5.
By the time the female lays her egg (usually around June), she's worked up a big appetite!
She passes the egg to the male before journeying up to 50 miles to the open ocean where she
can feed her hungry tummy on fish, squid and krill.
4.
Males can be incubating and waiting for over 120 days (average 115), during this time they
will lose about 40% of their body weight.
They use less energy when asleep which they do so as long as possible, it is not unusual
for emperor penguins to sleep for 20 or more hours a day under these conditions - even
up to 24 hours a day, to conserve their food supplies and increase their chick's chances
of survival.
3.
The first breeding colony wasn't discovered until 1902 by Lt. Reginald Skelton on Scott's
1901-04 Discovery Expedition some 130 years after the birds had first been seen on Captain
Cook's second voyage.
New colonies were still being discovered as late as 2009.
Nowadays satellite imagery is used to find breeding emperor penguin colonies in remote
regions.
2.
Emperors are preyed upon by Killer Whales, Leopard Seals, and the Giant Petrel.
The most dangerous predator is the Leopard Seal that can eat about 15 penguins a day
though they usually only catch the weak or the very sick.
Healthy penguins can usually out-swim a Leopard Seal.
1.
Some females who have lost their hatchlings "steal" the chick of another couple or
take an orphan and keep it for a few hours or days, leaving it later, which causes the
chick to die either victim of predation or starvation.
Scientists have not found any logical explanation for this behavior yet.
Well, there ya have it, ten kingsized facts about the Emporer Penguin.
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