How did species come into being?
Adam, look at these creatures
How do you think they have emerged in this world?
Lucy, they all have such intricate and complex structures
It would seem that a very intelligent creator has made them
You mean that all the species we see today
were designed a long time ago?
Then it will also mean that
these species have not changed since then
and that there is no common ancestor among them
and they are not related in any way
Is that what you mean?
If each species was designed independently
of course they are not related
What makes you think that they might be?
If they are not created
how would you explain the origin of these species?
These six species seem to belong to different groups
Those in the same group
are more similar than those in other groups
Darwin's theory of natural selection attempts to explain
how species emerge and the phenomenon of
varying degrees of similarity among species
The theory involves three key elements
namely inheritance, variation and the struggle for survival
First, the characteristics of each species
are passed from generation to generation
Therefore, chimpanzees will only give birth to chimpanzees
and never to a human
Second, there are variations among individuals
Third, they struggle for survival in nature
and environmental factors determine
the preservation or elimination of traits
In due course, organisms evolve in response to
environmental changes and become different species
This evolution theory seems problematic to me
Indeed there are variations in the organisms' characteristics
but they are random
It's hard to imagine that the intricate and complex structures
we see in some creatures can emerge randomly
As the theory of intelligent design explains
only a very clever watchmaker could have created a watch
with all its complexity and intricacy
For sure, it cannot be made by the random bumping of particles
Similarly, a complex structure like the eye
requires perfect coordination of its different parts
or else it doesn't work
So species must also be the designs of some creator
instead of the results of casual chance
Wait a minute, put aside whether variations are random
Don't forget that the environment plays an important role
in selecting and fostering evolution
Organisms need to adapt to a given environment
and evolve towards the appropriate direction
Let's imagine this case: an environment has turned dark
because of industrial pollution
Dark-colored moths will then be selected
and light-colored ones will be eliminated
Therefore, the evolution process and its result
which is, the emergence of certain biological characteristics
and structures, are not random
Even so, I still think that the theory is problematic
For example. How do you explain the "missing link"?
If species are continuously evolved over a long span of time
then between the existing species and their ancestor
there must be some transitional organisms
And yet, we have not been able to find these organisms or fossils!
Well, not every organism can fossilize
And sometimes, we simply fail to find them
even if the fossils exist
Take birds for example
Some believe that the existing birds have evolved from dinosaurs
But for a long time
we had not been able to find any fossils
that resembled both dinosaurs and birds until 1861
when such a fossil was discovered
People call it Archaeopteryx, meaning "first wing"
Some believe it is the missing link and some disagree
But really, missing link is an erroneous concept
It assumes that the evolution of species
is a simple linear process
whereas Darwin's evolution is a lot more complex
It is like a tree with countless branches
The process of evolution is so complex
that it would be difficult to define what a missing link is
Ok, let's assume that you have answered my two queries
But there is still a last question:
if all species come from a common ancestor
then where did this common ancestor come from?
The theory of evolution certainly can't explain the first life
Sure, let's be clear
These are two different questions
Darwin is only answering the question of the origin of species
and his answer is by means of natural selection
But Darwin is not trying to answer the question of the origin of life
Nevertheless, many scientists have attempted
to answer your question and proposed different hypotheses
They have also conducted experiments of abiogenesis
to simulate the process of non-living matter
turning into living organism
Adam, now let me ask you
About your question on the origin of life
can creationism explain where the first life comes from?
And how do we judge whether an explanation is good?
Back to the very first question
To explain how these species and fossils come about
which theory do you think is better?
Creationism or the theory of evolution?
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