PLEASE SUBSCRIBE!!
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Famous Actress Worth $45 MILLION Cries About Having to Pay For Her Healthcare - Duration: 3:45.
Liberals are having a pity party.
They are outraged over the fact that Obamacare was just repealed, and the long-standing piece
of job-killing, anti-American legislation is no more.
Finally, we're getting back to the American way of doing things.
Over 150,000 tweets with the hashtag "I Am A Preexisting Condition" flooded the
internet in just one day.
One of the most outrageous tweets came from actress Alyssa Milano.
She actually said, "My name is Alyssa Milano.
I have anxiety disorder, pregnancies, 2 c-sections and cystic acne.
#I Am A Preexisting Condition," via CBS News.
In case you don't already know, Alyssa Milano is worth 45 MILLION dollars.
She's in much better financial shape than just about anyone else in the country.
Indeed, having 45 million dollars in the bank makes someone part of the 1%.
This means Milano is in a better position than nearly anyone to pay for her own medical
care — yet, predictably, she's just one more liberal who thinks the government should
foot the bill.
Maybe Milano should just shut up instead, pay for her insurance, and give some of her
considerable fortune to people on the streets who are ACTUALLY struggling to pay for their
medicine.
There are people on the streets, even veterans (which is sickening in and of itself), who
can't get their hands on the medications they need.
But please, by all means, let's make sure the Hollywood elite don't have to pull their
weight.
If you go and read through some of the recent tweets, it's enough to make you physically
ill — you literally need health insurance to cover the risk of becoming sick to your
stomach as a result.
Don't be fooled by these crybaby's tweets and rants, either.
They've spent their whole lives complaining and begging authorities for handouts, and
their cries over Obamacare's repeal are no different.
It is not my job, or your job, or anyone else's job, to make sure that everyone has health
insurance.
That is a personal responsibility that ADULTS should have no problem assuming on their own.
The rest of us — hard working, true Americans, work and pay for our health care.
We're not leaches.
Twitter rants are not going to bring back Obamacare.
They're not going to change the fact that a new, conservative healthcare bill is on
its way to the Senate.
That's all to say — liberal whining, while being more rampant and severe than normal
these days (if that's even possible), is still nothing more than comical reading material.
One of the best responses to Milano's tweet came from the always-awesome Ben Shapiro.
He responded to her with, "And yet here you are, alive and healthy.
Why hasn't evil American healthcare killed you yet?"
Glorious.
When the new bill makes it through to the Senate, it'll be interesting to see how
the Left handles the situation.
Something tells us they're going to keep cranking the volume knob on their "outrage."
The question here is WHY?
The left think it's cool and trendy to play the victim.
It's how they siphon so many votes without actually having a substantive platform to
run on.
They're outraged about everything, but they don't know what they're angry about half
the time.
All you need to do to see this liberal hypocrisy in action is watch some videos of protesters
being interviewed.
At your typical liberal protest, many respond with "I don't know" when asked why,
who, or what they're protesting against.
What a bunch of losers.
Do YOU support the passing of the new healthcare act?
Please share this news and tell us what you think!
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'Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2' is Another Hit for Marvel - Duration: 1:35.
Hey guys for Complex News, I'm Natasha Martinez.
It looks like Guardians of the Galaxy Vol 2 escaped the so called sequel franchise fatigue
because it just made 145 million dollars across the U.S. during its opening weekend.
The film, which had a budget of 200 million surpassed the 2014 opening weekend for the
first Guardians and it can now boast being the 17th biggest domestic opening of all time.
Disney chief Dave Hollis said,
"It's a reflection of how consistent Marvel has been—their $11 billion worth of success—and
how they can take chances like this.
It's not a franchise that is quote unquote safe or normal as other movie franchises.
The challenge here was taking things that moviegoers loved from the first and making
it bigger."
Of course having some bankable hollywood stars on their roster helped.
The list includes Chris Pratt, Zoe Saldana, Dave Bautista, Vin Diesel, and Bradley Cooper,
just to name a few.
But I'm convinced it was the the addition of baby groot that got people in the seats
for opening weekend.
Insiders predicted opening weekend figures of $140 million, which the film surpassed
and the numbers will likely only get larger as international box office figures are tallied
in the next couple of days.
As the numbers keep going up internationally and domestically a third installment is pretty
much inevitable, especially since writer/director James Gunn already hinted he's working on
the next film.
What do you guys think?
Do you want another Marvel sequel or is the franchise fatigue hitting you?
Sound off in the comments below and as always for more of today's trending stories subscribe
to Complex on YouTube.
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BREAKING Bill Maher Just Did Something So SICK To Ivanka He Should Be Banned From TV For Life. - Duration: 1:53.
For more infomation >> BREAKING Bill Maher Just Did Something So SICK To Ivanka He Should Be Banned From TV For Life. - Duration: 1:53. -------------------------------------------
Baby Learn Colors with My Talking Angela Subway Surfers Cartoons for Kids Android IOS Gameplay - Duration: 11:56.
For more infomation >> Baby Learn Colors with My Talking Angela Subway Surfers Cartoons for Kids Android IOS Gameplay - Duration: 11:56. -------------------------------------------
From Us Who've Walked In Your Shoes, "Thank You" - #ThankATeacher - Duration: 4:06.
I taught...
High school English,
Language arts,
High school math,
Middle school English,
Technology education,
Special education,
I was just sort of was that kid in high school who would always think about,
how would I do this?
My parents were both teachers.
I grew up in a family of teachers and I married into a family of teachers.
I don't think that I ever saw myself anyplace except the classroom.
As a student, I loved mathematics. I wanted to continue working in mathematics,
and the best vehicle to do that, for me, was teaching.
I always wanted to teach.
And I wanted to take on the challenge of helping kids believe
that they could do something that maybe they thought they couldn't.
I think there's kind of a visceral, emotional response
that comes with this illumination of learning.
Having the lights go on and that transformative experience that occurs within the learner.
And, I can see why many teachers say it's a calling.
There are many things that I wish that people understood more about teaching.
One of things is just, like, how all-encompassing it is.
It's a team effort...between students, parents, teachers.
It's not just connecting with the students,
but it's connecting with students, and the family, and the community.
I think when it really works out like it's suppose to, it's a beautiful thing.
You also don't have a schedule of your own really anymore.
The second you walk in that door,
you realize you can't just walk out and get a cup of coffee.
People tend to think that teachers have a very easy job that is a seven to two job.
And I don't think that they know quite know how much work goes into just one 45-minute lesson.
I basically produced and directed five shows a day. That is exhausting.
It's funny, I never, ever, would have thought that I'd end up at ETS...ever.
Some of my friends who are still teachers would tease me. You've gone to the dark side.
And what I would say to them, who do you want working on these instruments and tools?
To have a lens of understanding of the complexities of the teaching profession.
We see what teachers do in the classroom. And, if they change their routines or their methods,
the assessments have to change as well.
And we want to make sure that those tasks and tools we develop
actually provide those learning opportunities for teachers,
and in the ways they actually need them.
We can share what we are learning here,
and teachers can contribute by helping us best understand what really works in the classroom.
Their input is invaluable to us.
Well I would like to thank all of the teachers that I worked with for nurturing me,
as well as their own students.
I hope that teachers know that they are valued and appreciated.
I'd like to thank all the teachers that I worked with.
They have made a difference in my life, in my students' lives, in my children's lives.
Those folks were not only teaching their own students,
but teaching the next generation of teachers.
To all of my former colleagues and to all of the teachers out there,
who are in the classroom everyday working crazy hours,
working weekends, keep on fighting the good fight.
You guys are doing great, and, just, keep at it.
Thanks for everything you do.
-------------------------------------------
Laura Ingraham Destroys Traitor GOPs For What They're Doing To Sabotage Trump, She Nailed It - Duration: 2:24.
Laura Ingraham Destroys Traitor GOPs For What They're Doing To Sabotage Trump, She Nailed
It
Legendary radio host Laura Ingraham is a true conservative who has not caved to the media
or political establishment's deeply biased and flawed opinions when it comes to President
Donald Trump's vision for restoring our country.
As someone who has access to highest level Washington decision-making, she has heard
what some establishment Republicans have been trying to do to Trump, and she just called
them out for it.
On a recent broadcast, Fox News' Sean Hannity discussed the murmurs of some in the press
about Trump having abandoned his promise to build the border wall with Mexico.
Stated Hannity flatly, "No, he hasn't."
Said guest Ingraham, "One thing I know for sure, Sean, is that we have way too many people
on Capitol Hill who are not on the president's side on this.
I'm talking Republicans.
So I have no doubt in my mind that Donald Trump wants this wall to be built."
She revealed what an anonymous source told her about what senior Republicans said to
each other in a private meeting to discuss the wall.
Stated Laura, "I heard over two months ago that GOP leadership, the most senior senators
on Capitol Hill — and I heard it from someone who was in the room with them — were laughing
at the idea a wall would ever get built.
Out loud laughing."
She then said that many Republican lawmakers have been "actively working" against the
wall.
She slammed them, saying, "His agenda should be supported by Republicans on Capitol Hill.
They couldn't find $1 billion for a down payment?
That's ridiculous."
Do you agree with Laura?
Watch below:
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Director of Planning Kevin Quinn on MPT - Duration: 16:43.
- With us now in the studio is Kevin Quinn,
the MTA's director of planning.
Kevin, thanks for being with us.
- Hey, thanks for having me.
- Wholesale changes coming to
the bus map in Baltimore.
- Yeah. - Why?
- Really big.
So, you know, our bus network needs to be
a lot more reliable for our riders.
We need to provide a better service.
And BaltimoreLink is our effort to completely
transform transit in the Baltimore region.
We wanna provide a better service,
we wanna connect better to the modes,
the Light Rail, the Metro, commuter bus, MARC train,
you know, all the ways to get around.
Our region has really changed dramatically
over the last 50 or 60 years
and we need a transit system that reflects that.
- How, how did the current transit system evolve?
Was it just that? - Yeah.
- Over time, different routes were added, and--
- Yeah.
- And without a whole lot of, like, 30,000 foot planning.
- Yeah, so, you know, it really evolved decades ago
with the trolley lines, right?
The start of the trolley lines.
And then since then we've put in a
Metro line and a Light Rail
and we now run MARC trains all the way
from Perryville down to D.C.
And not once has someone stopped to say,
"We should really take a moment
"and realign our bus system with
"all theses great modes of transit that we have."
We've never taken that opportunity
and this is the opportunity that we have to do that.
- Well some of that was done, I guess.
I mean, out here in the 'burbs in Owings Mills,
and really at any of the Metro stops,
you see all sorts of bus activity.
- Sure, but, no one ever, you know, we have
at a lot of the rail stations,
we have some rail stations that have too much bus service,
we have other rail stations
that have too little bus service.
And so, you know, the way that our region has changed,
think about places like White Marsh,
or Towson, or Owings Mills.
And think about the places that maybe
don't have the rail service.
So, for example, just last June,
we launched new Express BusLink services.
And so these connect some great suburban areas for us.
So, for example, under our previous bus system,
to go from, you know, White Marsh down, to,
out to Towson, you had to go White Marsh
all the way to downtown, transfer on a bus,
come over, come all the way back north to Towson.
Makes absolutely no sense at all.
So, last June, we rolled out a new line
going from Towson to White Marsh.
Gets you there in 45 minutes, what used to take 2 hours.
- We have a map. Let's put the map back up for a second.
- And it's kinda the big view,
well that's the closer view of
downtown Baltimore, and everything's color-coded.
I mean, it sorta looks like a, you know,
hub and spoke kinda thing with a--
- [Kevin] Yeah.
- [Reporter] How radical is this?
- Yeah, it's pretty radical.
So, yeah, let me talk a little bit about the framework
of the BaltimoreLink system.
So, the backbone of the system
are 12 high-frequency routes.
What we call CityLink routes.
When I say high-frequency, that means they're coming
every ten minutes during peak hours
and every 15 minutes during midday.
So we lay down this new backbone of 12 lines
that are coming really high-frequency,
pulsing in and out of the downtown.
And one really cool thing that we've done
is that each of these CityLink lines are connected
with one another as well as the Light Rail and the Metro.
So they all touch each other.
So if you live on one of these lines, Light Rail or Metro,
you can transfer, you can get to anywhere else
on one of these other lines with just one transfer.
- Let me remind our reviewers, if you have a question
about the, the big changes coming to
Baltimore's bus network, give us a call,
we'll have the number on the screen.
Or tweet your questions.
Use the twitter address @mptnews.
So none of this has happened yet.
- That's exactly right.
- It all happens on one day-- - Yeah.
- In June?
- Yes. Overnight.
So, June 17th, Saturday June 17th into June 18th,
overnight, the bus lines will change.
And so, we've been really engaged with our riders,
we gotta get the word out.
Folks are gonna see new route numbers,
new routes themselves, you know,
where they're going differently.
Another really cool piece of this project
is a rollout of 5,000 brand new bus stop signs
that will be unveiled overnight.
So, you know, our current bus stop sign,
it's just blue, it's got a white number on it,
doesn't tell you anything else.
Doesn't tell you where it goes,
doesn't even say the MTA.
Our new bus stop signs are, you know,
state of the art, they have where they're going,
how frequently they're running.
You know, we have folks, a lot of times,
waiting at bus stops in the middle of the day
for routes that are running only during peak hours.
We don't want that, we don't want that.
We want our riders to have good information
and so those 5,000 bus stop signs
will be unveiled overnight.
- There must be some people out there
who have a bus they take now
who, who maybe live in a certain spot
because that bus connects to where they work
and that line's gonna go away.
I mean, how do you think about those people.
- Well I think, you know, with these high-frequency lines,
one thing that we're hoping to do is
really put in place a better, more reliable system.
So, you know, one of the reasons that we're
really changing this has to do with sort of just the,
the structure of the network as it is today.
For example, we put way to many routes downtown.
Baltimore and Fayette Streets, for example.
Baltimore Street has over 800 buses a day.
It's just far too many.
Pratte Street has only 300.
We need to even that out.
And so, by making changes of, say,
spreading bus routes out on downtown streets,
we're gonna improve reliability throughout
the entire system that's gonna help people to
get places better and faster.
- What's the feedback you've been getting?
I know when this was first proposed,
which was over a year now, - Yeah.
- The then mayor of Baltimore was not initially a fan.
What's the relationship with city government at this point?
- Yeah, that's a great question.
We've had a really great working relationship
with our Baltimore City Department of Transportation.
We, we did, we went out for an initial round of feedback,
a first round of public feedback
and got around a thousand comments.
We've done a couple of additional rounds of feedback
and to-date we've received around
4,500 comments on our plan.
It's gone pretty well and I think that what's happened,
there's been this evolution
of people understanding the system better.
You know, people saw it at first and said,
"Woah, this is mindblowing," you know,
and so we've moderated a bit.
And so, I think, I think people are a lot happier with it.
You know, speaking of Baltimore City DOT,
couple really cool things that I gotta
talk about that we're doing.
One are five and a half miles of new,
dedicated bus lanes downtown.
So their down on Pratte and Lombard Street right now,
you may have seen 'em, bright red lanes.
And those are also gonna be down on--
- It's more like rust color, right?
- It is. It's terra cotta.
Exactly. Yeah. - It is, really?
So, you know, but we're trying to get up--
- But it means I can't drive in that lane.
- That's right.
- Unless I'm making a right turn.
- That's exactly right.
- Okay. - It kind of,
has some cuts in it
so that then you can make a right-hand turn.
So, you know, we're looking at new, dedicated bus lanes
on Baltimore and Fayette Streets,
on Charles and St. Paul, on kinda the Gil,
Gay and Hillen Street corridors.
It's all in an effort to get our buses through
the most congested area of our region.
- Let's grab a phone call.
Baltimore County, this is Pam.
Pam, thanks for calling, go ahead.
- [Pam] Thank you, I was calling
because I saw that on the map there were colors
and being in Baltimore County,
on Western Baltimore County,
I wanted to ask about the red line,
because I know that it had been discontinued.
Is it going to be resumed?
- Thank you very much.
So the decision to not build the crosstown light rail,
the red line, proceeded this decision,
but this doesn't have a whole lot
to do with that, does it?
- It doesn't.
You know, so, there was a decision made
not to move forward with this project,
or with the red line.
You know, this project is really 100% focused
on making our bus system better.
And there have been folks that have recognized for decades
that our bus system needs to be re-looked at.
- What do you expect to happen in terms of the
number of riders, or number of rides per day?
- Yeah. - Well, you hope it'll go up.
- Well, you know, I think our hope is that by
putting out a better product, you know,
we may see ridership increases, you know,
our focus right now is providing a good, reliable service.
We wanna provide a good, reliable product
that people can count on day in and day out to get to work.
That's the focus right now.
- Michael in Anne Arundel County,
Michael thank you for the call, go ahead.
- [Michael] I'm calling to find out
what could be done to improve transportation
from outlying areas, such as Arnold, Severna Park,
Annapolis, to Johns Hopkins.
- Thank you very much.
So, to get from those areas, what would you do?
- Sure. So, you know,
a big part of BaltimoreLink,
while a big focus is on Baltimore's bus system,
regional connectivity is something else
we focused a lot on and so back on--
You know, we've built,
historically, just to interrupt for a second--
- [Kevin] Yeah.
- We've built a lot of things that don't connect.
Like the light rail and the Metro rail don't connect.
And the red line wouldn't have connected to anything.
- Yeah. Well the Metro and the light rail do connect,
they're just one block away from each other.
So, in a couple places, they come pretty close.
- It's not horse shoes, but go on.
- It's not horse shoes, yeah I understand.
The, speaking of Annapolis,
so back in March, we did rollout a new commuter bus line
that runs from Baltimore to Annapolis
and Annapolis to Baltimore.
We just started that up.
It's a fantastic new service.
It actually starts over on Kent Island,
on the Eastern Shore,
picks up folks in Annapolis, comes to Baltimore,
and then again we have one going Baltimore-Annapolis.
We also started a new commuter bus line
getting Baltimore City residents
up to Aberdeen Proving Ground.
So, that's a great new connection for Baltimore City
residents working up at the base.
We also did some enhancements to our
commuter bus between Columbia and Baltimore,
where we have a great, popular service
and we added some trips there as well.
So, you know, I guess I'd advise the caller to
check out our website, mta.maryland.gov,
and see if that's a commuter bus
that would would work from them
that would get them to Johns Hopkins Hospital.
- Right, but it can be done and the idea is that
you'd be able to get to the Baltimore Metro line
if nothing else which goes right over to Hopkins.
- That's exactly right.
- Baltimore County, this is Ralph.
Ralph, thank you for the call, go ahead.
- [Ralph] Hi, my question is
what will happen to the, what's gonna happen with the
specialty lines that serve areas that are
used a lot by low-income workers,
say to Stella Maris north of the city,
and say the Under Armour factory in Curtis Bay,
the Amazon distribution center on Broening Highway,
those kind of things, sometimes they're the only way
low-income workers can get to those jobs
if they don't have a car.
- Ralph, great question, thank you sir.
- Yeah, sure, so, you know,
I'd focused a lot on those
twelve color-coded CityLink lines.
But we have a total of 65 lines in our system, you know,
those twelve lines form the backbone of the system,
but we supplement them with plenty of geographic coverage
to a lot of places that the caller just noted:
Amazon, Under Armour's facility, Stella Maris.
All of these are places that we will still go
under our new system.
- What was the process?
Like , I mean, you considered where Amazon is
when you were looking at Broening Highway, right?
- Yeah, we, so we use a good bit of data.
We use origin-destination data,
so we use what are called, you know, OD surveys,
in addition to just employment data.
You know, we met with a lot of employers and got data
on zip codes, where employees live.
You know, where they're coming from,
where they're trying to get to.
And then we took that information and really tried to
build the routes around where people wanted to go.
And again, this is about, you know,
reimagining a bus network that
hasn't been looked at in 50 or 60 years
and taking that data, giving it a good refresh,
giving it a good look, and completely reimagining it.
Anne Arundel County, this is George.
George, thank you for the call, go ahead.
- [George] Thank you, I have a couple questions.
One would be, approximately
what percentage of their passengers
do you think that this will impact,
presumably to the good,
and I'd also wonder whether the overall program
provides any operational efficiencies
or whether it will increase your cost,
and if so, how is it being funded.
- Very good. - [George] Appreciate it.
- George, thank you for the call.
- So, yeah.
- And I'm guessing it's gonna impact 100% of your riders.
- It will impact 100% of our riders, yeah.
I mean, all lines change, if not in alignment,
than in number and frequency, so, you know,
a route that comes every 40 minutes
could be coming every 30 minutes now.
The CityLink lines will be much more high-frequency
than some of the lines that are out there today.
- Overall budget for runnin' the buses, you know,
next year versus last year?
- Sure, so you know, this is funded with $135 million
from Governor Hogan that, you know,
put into this, as investment into this great project,
that's spread between some operating and some capital.
The operating over six years,
so it adds some additional money
in each of our years to the budget.
And then the capital pieces go towards great things like
dedicated bus lanes, transit signal priority,
transfer facilities.
We're even partnering with Baltimore City on their
bike-share program to have bike-share docks
near our Light Rail and Metro stations.
- So I'm guessing the day after this goes into affect,
there's gonna be a lot of stories in the news from
people who've been dislocated one way or another.
And there's gonna be sort of a negative news cycle
for some period of time.
What made the situation such that you needed to do,
kind of radical surgery, and do it all at once?
- Yeah, I think, I think if you were going
out to a lot of the community meetings
and having conversations with our riders,
you talk to them and hear about how
we need to provide a more reliable service.
And so as we took a look at it, you know,
a transit system is much, it's like a human body, you know?
You've, you can't just fix an arm.
You can't just fix a single limb.
It's all connected.
And so when we looked at it,
we said there have to be some systemic, wholesale changes
that happen to this system to make it more reliable.
- Cheryl in Baltimore City.
Cheryl, thank you for calling, go ahead.
- [Cheryl] Hi, my question
is particularly for Baltimore City.
Are there going to be more benches that are sheltered in,
on bus stops as well as trash cans?
So that people aren't exposed to the elements?
- Great question, thank you very much.
- Yeah, sure, it's a fantastic question.
So, a big part of BaltimoreLink
is our transfer facilities that we're building.
The big one that we're building
is out of the West Baltimore MARC station,
which is kind of our crown-jewel of the system
where we're gonna have
additional benches and shelters.
Throughout this system, we're gonna have
200 bus shelters that go out, throughout the system.
We have 400 shelters today.
That'll increase to 600.
I'd also urge any community associations to
check out our website, and we can give some contact info
for our Adopt-A-Stop program,
which has been really successful
and it's a great way for local businesses
and local communities to adopt a bus stop or a bus shelter
and help us keep it clean.
We wanna have a clean system for everybody.
- They get some signage in return for that?
- Yeah, that's exactly right. - Very good.
Carroll County, this is Laura.
Laura, thank you for the call, go ahead.
Whoops, let's try that again.
Laura, you're on, go ahead. - [Laura] Hello?
Yes, great hi, thank you.
There are so many of us in Carroll County
who commute into the city.
Scores and scores.
I feel we're fairly ignored where bus funds
and things like that are concerned.
Is there any chance of this improving in the future?
- Thanks very much.
- We don't have any plans in the future to,
to be extending bus lines out to Carroll County.
I don't have a great answer for that one.
- Alright.
So let's talk about, in the last half minute we have,
how people can get more information on,
on a local basis, where this is gonna run.
- Yeah, so, best place for information right now
is baltimorelink.com.
We have so many resources for people.
We have a comparative trip-planner,
where people can put in where they're coming from,
where they're going,
and it gives them a comparison between
what they'd take today and what they'd take in the future.
We also have a forum there,
where community associations can contact us
to either get more information,
or we're happy to come out and give a community presentation
about how routes impact them on the local level.
- Very good. Kevin Quinn with the MTA, busy man.
Thanks for stoppin' by. - Thank you.
- Appreciate it.
Thursday at this time
on Your Money & Business,
TV, Print and Social:
How surround sound is a game changer for companies.
Join us Thursday at 7:30.
For all of us at mpt, I'm Jeff Salkin,
thanks for watching and have a good night.
(dramatic music)
- [Narrator] This program was made by mpt
to serve all of our diverse communities.
-------------------------------------------
Nicki Minaj paying for college - Duration: 0:51.
For more infomation >> Nicki Minaj paying for college - Duration: 0:51. -------------------------------------------
Use of One Versus Two Time Points for Calibration of Land Change Models - Duration: 6:57.
Controversy abounds within the field of land change modeling concerning the number of time
points to use when calibrating extrapolation models. This video explains the difference
between using one time point versus two time points for calibration. This research is based
on Jessica McDermott's Masters thesis, supervised by Professor Pontius. This video is brought
to you by Sara Brown and Carly Robbins.
We illustrate the principles with a case study using the Plum Island Ecosystems Long Term
Ecological Research site located in northeastern Massachusetts.
We use the land change model GEOMOD to show the concepts. GEOMOD is a module in the TerrSet
software available from Clark Labs. For more information on GEOMOD, please see the other
videos in the series. A one-time point calibration requires a dependent
variable at one time point, in this case built versus non-built built at 2011, as pictured
on the left. Built at 2011 is black, and non-built at 2011 is gray. We use one independent variable,
in this case surficial geology, to explain the transition from non-built to built. Geology
is appropriate because we suspect builders consider geology when deciding where to build
and geology is consistent over long temporal extents. The map on the right shows four geology
types. GEOMOD calibrates a suitability value for
each geology type. The suitability of a certain geology type for transition to built is equal
to the size of built on a geology type divided by the size of that geology type.
A two-time point calibration requires a dependent variable of the change between two time points,
in this case the gain of built versus persistence of non-built from 2001 to 2011. The map on
the left displays the gain of built in red and the persistence of non-built in gray.
Built at 2001 is in black, and is eliminated from the analysis, because built pixels at
2001 are not pixels that can experience gain of built during 2001 to 2011. Again, GEOMOD
calibrates a suitability value for each geology type. For the two-time point calibration method,
the suitability of a certain geology type for transition to built is equal to the size
of the gain of built on a geology type divided by the size of that geology type that is not
built at 2001. This equation differs from the one time point calibration because the
two-time point method excludes the region that was already built at 2001.
Figure A shows the suitability values from the one time point calibration approach. Figure
A displays the percentage of each geology type that is covered with built at 2011. The
black dotted line indicates that 42 percent of the spatial extent is Built at 2011. Figure
B shows the gain of Built from 2001 to 2011 as a percentage of each geology type that
was non-built at 2001 and that experienced a gain of built from 2001 to 2011. The black
dotted line indicates that 5 percent of Non-Built at 2001 transitioned to Built from 2001 to
2011. The longest bar in each graph shows the category
that is most suitable for future change according to each calibration method. The one time point
approach on the left show that gravel has the highest Built percentage. The two-time
point approach on the right shows that bedrock has the highest gain of Built percentage.
Geomod uses these percentages to create suitability maps, which the next slide shows.
Map A shows the one time point calibration suitability map, where gravel has the highest
suitability for future gain of built. Map B shows the two time point calibration suitability
map, where bedrock has the highest suitability for future gain of built.
Linear extrapolation of the gain of built from 2001 to 2011 implies that PIE would transition
from 42% built at 2011 to 66% built over a duration of 75 years.
GEOMOD allocates this quantity of the gain of extrapolated built at the non-built pixels
that have the largest suitability values. We performed two GEOMOD runs: one run using
the one-time point suitability map and a second run using the two-time point suitability map.
This map is an overlay of the two output maps from the two Geomod runs. Black is built at
2011. Gray is non built persistence used in both calibration methods. Yellow is gain of
built using the two time point calibration method. Red is gain of built using the one
time point calibration method. There is no intersection between the extrapolated gain
of built from the one time point method and from the two time point method. This demonstrates
how the method of calibration can have a dramatic influence on the extrapolation.
The one-time point calibration method is based on the state of the landscape at a single
time point, which reflects the accumulation of long term trends. The allocation of built
at a one time point reflects decisions concerning where humans have built from a time prior
to human settlement. In our study area, humans have historically concentrated built on gravel.
The two-time point calibration method is based on the change of the landscape between
two time points, which reflects shorter term trends. In our study area, humans have
concentrated recent gains of built on bedrock.
The number of time points can make a difference in calibration and extrapolation. One time
point can give a stronger calibration because the implied temporal extent is from the natural
non-built state to the one time point. Two time points can give a weaker signal for calibration
because the two time point method focuses exclusively on change between two recent
time points.
The appropriate number of time points depends on the purpose of the model and the stationarity
of the change processes. If the recent change processes are stationary with the historical
processes, then we recommend you use the one time point calibration method, because the
one time point calibration tends to use a stronger empirical signal. If the recent
growth processes are expected to continue and are non-stationary with the historical
processes, then we recommend the two-time point calibration. When in doubt, use both
methods to show how much difference it makes.
The National Science Foundation supported this work via the Long Term Ecological Research
network's Plum Island Ecosystems site. The Massachusetts Office of Geographic Information
and the National Land Cover Database supplied the data.
Here is our contact information. For more information on GEOMOD and TerrSet, please
visit www.clarklabs.org . Please see more videos at the web site of Professor Pontius,
and may all your modeling experiences be insightful.
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Evening Forecast for May 7th - Duration: 3:34.
For more infomation >> Evening Forecast for May 7th - Duration: 3:34. -------------------------------------------
Dumb Lib DiCaprio Just Received Humiliating News, He Looks Like Such An Idiot - Duration: 2:29.
Dumb Lib DiCaprio Just Received Humiliating News, He Looks Like Such An Idiot
World famous, Academy Award winning actor Leonardo DiCaprio has wasted countless resources
with his globe-trotting, hard-partying luxury lifestyle, yet still has the gall to try to
denounce regular Americans for the way we live our lives.
Like seemingly every Hollywood actor, DiCaprio has decided to take up global warming as his
own nutty liberal pet cause, and he just created a high-profile event to showcase everything
that he supposedly stands for.
Unfortunately for DiCaprio, it all just blew up in his face.
DiCaprio created the very humbly named Leonardo DiCaprio Foundation to pursue his climate
change interests, and he convinced his charity's CEO Terry Tamminen to spar against conservative
author Alex Epstein at the upcoming Collision Conference in New Orleans.
Mysteriously, however, DiCaprio's stooge decided to pull out of the debate at the last
minute.
Wrote Epstein, who once challenged Al Gore with $100,000 to publicly debate him, Tamminen
"no explanation to the organizers and certainly did not give me the courtesy of an apology
— even though my team has been preparing for this event for weeks."
He added, "All I can say is that this event has been scheduled for two months.
He is certainly outspoken and has been involved with this issue for many years.
On its face, it's another prominent person who runs their mouth of fossil fuels in the
media, but won't face someone who will challenge them."
Do you think DiCaprio was scared of getting embarrassed?
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