You might be a whiskey snob, or a whiskey lover, but are you a whiskey nerd?
Well sit back and watch because we've got some whiskey science for you!
All booze making starts the same way--by mixing micro-organisms (usually yeast) and sugar.
The microbes eat the sugar and makes alcohol as a byproduct of their digestion process,
which we call fermentation.
And actually, that should be alcohols.
The important one--the one that humans like so much--is ethanol.
Anyway, whiskey's yeasts get the sugar for fermentation from grains, however, which grain
depends on what you're drinking.
Scotch whisky mainly uses malted barley.
The malting process halts the grains' growth so it's only partly sprouted.
If it's a single malt whiskey, that means it came from a single distillery with only
malted barley.
Scotch grain whiskies and American whiskeys use cereal grains like corn and wheat.
Bourbon whiskey has to be made from at least 51% corn, while rye whiskey has to be at least
51% rye.
There is all kinds of other whiskeys -- we're looking at you Irish whiskey -- but we don't
have enough time to cover everything.
You'll have to ask your bartender.
What separates beer and wine from whiskey is what happens after fermentation.
At that point, they're all about 5 to 10 percent ethanol.
But liquors routinely get up to 40 or 50 percent and even higher.
How?
Distillation.
Distillation is a way to separate different chemicals according to their boiling points.
Ethanol boils at 173.1 degrees fahrenheit.
Methanol--which is poisonous--boils at 148.5 degrees fahrenheit.
So if you pour your mash -- the fermented water-grain mixture -- into a pot and start
heating it, the methanol will boil off first, followed by ethanol.
After that, you'll be left with mostly water.
Now onto the good stuff.
Whiskey needs to retain the flavors from the fermentation … otherwise all liquor would
taste like vodka or worse, Everclear.
Whiskey makers have ways to raise the ethanol percentage while retaining all the yummy flavors.
The mash is poured into a still and steam is pumped in at the bottom.
We should note the structure of the still depends on the spirit - scotch is made in
pots, but bourbon is made using columns which separate out even more flavors.
Inside these columns is a stack of chambers separated by perforated plates.
Ethanol-rich vapor rises from the pot.
At the highest, coldest, points of the column, the vapor condenses out and and drips back
down into the hotter zones where the flavor molecules easily dissolve in the ethanol-rich
liquid.
Flavor molecules like ethyl hexanoate, which has an apple-like aroma, or diacetyl, which
makes for a buttery taste.
Over time that concentrates the flavor and the alcohol.
Thanks column still!
But not all flavors are good flavors.
So distillers usually make their column stills from copper or give them copper linings.
The copper reacts with sulfur-containing compounds, which often have bad flavors and smells.
Hydrogen sulfide is a common one.
No one wants the smell of rotten eggs in their glass.
So distillation sends all those flavors and ethanol up the column.
Near the top, that alcoholic mixture drips out this arm.
Since most mashes start out the same, it's the distillery's own unique distilling process
that really makes their product stand out.
Still designs and processing methods used are carefully protected knowledge, putting
each distillery's special note on a mash that starts pretty much the same for everyone.
The key to whiskey's flavor is the aging process, not fermentation.
Once we put whiskey in those barrels, it does what it does best, thanks to ethanol.
Ethanol is really good about dissolving flavor molecules so once we've got whiskey in those
barrels it starts leeching all those delicious flavor chemicals out of the wood of the barrels.
To get even more flavor into the whiskey, the insides of the barrel are charred with
flame.
That causes chemical reactions in the wood that produce a whole range of additional flavors.
Charring is good for making more phenolic compounds, exemplified by this structure.
One of them, guaiacol, has a smokey flavor.
Meta-cresol smells a bit like bandaids and shows up in scotch, mostly thanks to the peaty
smoke that's used in scotch distilling.
No, I don't understand scotch drinkers either.
Changes in atmospheric pressure and temperature throughout the year force whiskey in and out
of the wood as it ages, helping it pick up more of those flavor molecules.
That's one reason connoisseurs insist aging increases the depth of a whiskey's taste.
Actually, some whiskey makers are trying to see if there's a shortcut for that.
Some high-tech distillers are experimenting with using sound waves or varying pressure
to artificially speed up whiskey aging, which some traditionalists aren't very into.
But these newcomers think they can reduce the aging process from years to mere hours.
Who's ready for a drink?
The next time you're enjoying whiskey with your friends, you can regale them with all
the whiskey chemistry you learned from today's video.
A special thanks to District Distilling Company for letting us film today and thank you for
watching!
For more infomation >> How Is Whiskey Made? - Duration: 4:55.-------------------------------------------
Trump is not ruling out military action against North Korea | RT China - Duration: 4:43.
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'What is the water in Kabir's well?' asks Farid Ayaz - Duration: 3:40.
Kabir says, the well is one!
Kabir says...
..the well is one
Water-bearers are many
Kabir says, the well is one
Water-bearers many
The pots differ in shape and size
But the water in them is one
Kabir says the well is one And water-bearers many
The pots may differ in shape and size But the water in them is one
When in the jug, water takes the form of the jug.
When in a glass, it takes that shape.
In the river or sea, it's called by that name, but the water is the same.
The water boiling in the kettle is the same water.
So all water is one.
So for Kabir, water is that force of the spirit, we can't call it material...
..which is called 'rooh-ul-arwaah'.
The soul that was born out of the Word, God's first utterance...
..or first, original 'sound'.
In Islamic or Asian mythology we call that utterance 'Kun'.
The word 'Kun' is such that it ends on a sound and not on any alphabet.
And there is a similar word in Hindu mythology - 'Om'.
Both end on an endless sound.
This sound is believed to be the beginning of the universe.
What modern science calls Big Bang.
- Is this the same as Kabir's 'Anaahat Naad' (Unstruck Sound)
Absolutely! It is the same.
In this universe, you'll realise that the sound that Kabir calls 'naad'...
..is the same as the sound of Om and Kun and that's what they call The Big Bang.
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長時間快適にリスニング 痛くなく疲れない iina-style Bluetooth イヤホン IS-BTEP04M - Duration: 4:01.
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Conscious Universities for the New Generation - Duration: 21:01.
Conscious Universities for the New Generation
Living in Alliance with the Earth
When I graduated from high school in 1985, college was the unquestionable next step for
an intelligent, middle-class or upper-middle-class young person.
I entered an elite school not out of any particular ambition, but because the story that surrounded
me said that this is how to do life.
College, and probably further degrees thereafter, was the path to full participation in society.
The problem was that, deep down, I didn�t want to fully participate in society.
I sensed a wrongness at the base of things.
As I learned more about the workings of the world, I didn�t want to be part of it.
Even the public service paths, that elite education could prepare me for, seemed themselves
to be still part of the same system.
But I didn�t know of any alternative to university, or perhaps I wasn�t brave enough
to find one.
And besides, at that time I couldn�t identify the cause of my lassitude, my passive rebellion,
my lack of motivation.
Now two of my own sons have reached college age, one 18 and one 20, and neither has yet
gone to college.
The nebulous intuition that led my unconscious rebellion has become, for them, an outright
refusal to follow �the program.� Moreover, they have alternatives that were not on my
radar screen in the 1980s.
Jimi has spent some time in ecological, spiritual, and permaculture programs in the U.S. and
Costa Rica, that prepare people to participate in a future that is not just an extension
of the present, but a different world with different values and different ways of seeing.
Programs like these exist all over the world, yet still, they are scattered and lack a unifying
narrative that might present them as a solid alternative to traditional higher education.
Young people must luck into them or know enough to seek them out.
Wouldn�t it be wonderful if this kind of education � education in what the planet
needs most right now � were more easily accessible?
Teach permaculture Imagine if permaculture practices were taught
in all schools.
Imagine a worldwide archipelago of land-based institutions of learning for people like my
sons; sanctuaries of alternative technologies of earth, mind, matter, and body that are
marginal or absent within conventional universities.
So much of the most exciting work, whether in medicine, agriculture, or social change,
is happening outside academia, invisible to many of the young people who might otherwise
follow them into a career, and lacking the financial support and community of research
that could propel them to the next level.
We need a parallel system of technology development that can guide society as conventional systems
unravel and conventional technologies fail to adequately address our problems.
We need, to use Ken Carey�s phrase, to establish islands of the future in an ocean of the past.
For reasons I will describe soon, let us call these places Institutes for Technologies of
Reunion.
They have two main functions: research and learning.
What is Technology?
What kind of technology are we talking about here?
The word usually brings to mind things like computers, robots, lasers, nano-scale fabrication,
gene editing, chemical engineering, and electronics.
These we think of as �high tech.�
All of these share certain characteristics in common.
They depend on a high degree of specialization; they depend on a vast industrial infrastructure
to produce, they are derived from scientific research, and they are based on the application
of energy to manipulate and control matter.
Accordingly, the standard dictionary definition of technology is �the application of scientific
knowledge for practical purposes.�
These technologies have utterly transformed the world in the last few centuries, but they
are proving incapable of solving the problems we face today, many of which, ironically,
are caused by the very same kind of technology we hope to use to fix them.
Whether it is agricultural chemicals degrading the soil and creating the need for even more
chemicals, or medical interventions causing side effects that require further medical
interventions, technology often becomes a �fix� in the sense of an addiction; requiring
more technology to manage the results of previous technology.
We�re popping pills for symptoms caused by other pills!
On a broader scale, the entire scientific-industrial system has created ecological degradation
and social atomization that we attempt to fix from within the same technological mindset
of quantification, engineering, and control.
It follows the dream of techno-utopia: that if only we could exercise precise control
over every bit of matter; if only we could quantify and label and digitize every object
with its own IP address, then we could manage the world rationally, eliminate uncertainty,
and maximize human wellbeing.
Technologies of Separation vs Technologies of Reunion
On the social level, the same ambition translates into the program of total information awareness,
so that each economic transaction, each social interaction, and all physical movement is
tracked and saved in a database.
Yet it is becoming obvious that despite continuing advances in our ability to control matter
and society, the promise of utopia is receding into the future, and indeed has passed the
event horizon called cynicism.
No longer does anyone believe that material and social engineering is on the verge of
ushering in a perfect world.
For these reasons � the failed promise and worsening crisis of technology as we know
it � I would like to offer an expanded conception of technology.
The kind of technology described above is but a subset of all technology, a subset I�ll
call �technologies of separation.� These will always have their place, but at the present
historical moment we need to shift our collective will and energy toward a different kind of
technology, which I will call �technologies of reunion.�
To expand the definition of technology, we can simply return to the original Greek roots
of the word, which means �a logos of crafts.� Technology is a system of techniques for applying
human will to alter the physical world.
A Transition in Our Narrative
Technology is not just a haphazard collection of techniques.
As a �logos of crafts� implies, these techniques are interrelated; they grow from
a common logic, a unifying narrative or worldview.
This narrative determines what we consider to be real, possible, and important.
It answers the questions �What can we do?� �What should we do?� and �How can we
do it?�
The technologies of separation that dominate the world today draw from the story of separation,
which includes:
Humans are separate from nature The self as a separate individual
Full selfhood (consciousness, sentience) existing in humans alone
Competition as the defining characteristic of life
Domination and control over the other as the key to wellbeing
That all things are composed of generic, identical building blocks
That to be real is to be measurable and quantifiable That the forces of nature are basically random,
so human progress depends on insulating ourselves from their dangers and harnessing them for
our purposes Linear and reductionistic thinking as the
basis of technology Force-based causality
Human destiny to conquer or transcend nature.
These are the threads of the mythology that has overtaken civilization over the last few
thousand years, and especially the last few centuries.
It is rapidly becoming obsolete though, giving way to a new and ancient story, the Story
of Interbeing.
It holds that: The self is relational at its core
Humans are not separate from nature What we do to the world, we do to ourselves
The basic qualities of a self (e.g. consciousness, intelligence) are ubiquitous and universal;
everything is alive Each being is a holographic mirror of all
Cooperation, sharing, and symbiosis are defining characteristics of life and evolution
Morphic resonance is the primary causal principle Each being has unique and necessary gifts
to give toward the wellbeing and evolution of the whole
Human destiny is to use its unique gifts to serve the health and development of Gaia
Technologies of Reunion draw from the Story of Interbeing and contributes to its emergence
in world civilization.
Each includes the other, the part includes the whole, the inner mirrors the outer.
Technologies of Reunion contribute to the reunion of human and nature, mind and body,
thought and emotion, matter and spirit, modern and ancient, masculine and feminine.
They reunite all that which has been made artificially separate or even placed into
opposition in the civilization of separation.
It is not the erasure of binary opposites, nor is it the dissolution of all boundaries;
rather it is the understanding that each includes the other, that the part includes the whole,
that the inner mirrors the outer.
Examples of Technologies of Reunion
Almost any practice, whether in medicine, agriculture, energy, or education that is
called �alternative� or �holistic� exemplifies a technology of reunion.
Here are a few examples to illustrate how these practices draw from the Story of Interbeing.
Regenerative agriculture, for example, no-till organic horticulture.
This practice is motivated, in part, by the understanding that the health of crops and
of people is inseparable from the health of the soil.
It seeks, therefore, to serve the wellbeing of the soil, confident that the health of
one is the health of all.
Secondly, regenerative agriculture sees the soil not as a mere repository of chemical
nutrients, but as a living being possessed of its own kind of intelligence, and as part
of a larger living being that is the entire farm ecosystem.
Therefore, instead of merely imposing a methodological template on a piece of land, the farmer carefully
observes the land until she intimately knows it as a being unto itself, so she can ask,
�What does the land want?� The relationship is intimate, personal, and unique, irreducible
to any set of quantitative data on soil composition and rainfall distribution.
Homeopathy, based on the realization that every condition of a human being is mirrored
by some material substance.
Self and world are not separate.
Homeopaths believe that introducing the informational signature of that substance into the body
will unlock that disease pattern and bring healing.
Furthermore, the medium for conveying the information signature of a substance is water,
which in homeopathy is understood not as a generic substance defined merely by its chemical
formula, but as capable of holding information and structure (a view supported by recent
scientific thinking as well).
Homeopathy Homeopathy adheres to the priciple that the
self and the world are not separate.
Truth and reconciliation processes.
The Story of Separation says, �If I were in the totality of your circumstances � biographical,
economic, cultural, etc.
� I would not do as you did.
I am better than that.� Punitive justice comes from that belief: people do bad things
because they are bad people and therefore must be deterred by threat of punishment.
The Story of Interbeing says the opposite.
It says:
If I were in the totality of your circumstances, my brother, I would have done as you did.
Truth and reconciliation processes change those circumstances.
They come from the belief that if he could only be connected with the full impact of
his actions, he would no longer want to do that.
They rely on the healing power of the truth made visible.
Brutalization depends on a cutoff of empathy, on the dehumanization of the victim.
By sharing their stories to the witnessing of the perpetrators and the surrounding community,
the victims reclaim their full humanity in the eyes of all.
Universal basic income (UBI) and community-based forms of resource sharing.
In the Story of Separation, which says human nature is to maximize rational self-interest,
this is an insane idea.
If everyone�s basic needs were met, what would compel people to work and contribute
to society?
But if we believe that human nature is to want to contribute to something meaningful,
greater than oneself, UBI and resource sharing becomes a way to support that impulse.
It also validates and supports the kinds of contributions that are hard to quantify, such
as giving loving care to children or old people, making art and music, bringing healing to
land and water in ways that don�t increase economic output, and so forth.
So, Technologies of Reunion include material technologies, social technologies, and also
non-material technologies based on a different understanding of what is real.
A partial list might include: mycoremediation of toxic waste, composting toilets and graywater/blackwater
recycling systems, herbal medicine, therapies using psychotropic plants, earth building
techniques, sacred architecture, sound healing, hypnosis and mind/matter techniques, nonviolent
communication, compassionate listening; sociocracy, holocracy and other group decision-making
methods; council processes; restorative circles; family constellation work; tantric sexual
practices, communication with other-than-human beings, nonviolent methods of political direct
action, implosion motors, over-unity energy devices, worker-owned cooperatives and other
forms of economic cooperation, biodynamic agriculture, silvopasture, perennial-based
horticulture, wetlands restoration, Montessori education, Waldorf education, technologies
of voice, dance, and mask, the use of trance and dream states�
Mycoremediation Mycoremediation�the process of using fungi
to degrade contaminants in the environment.
In various ways, all of these draw on the new and ancient Story of Interbeing.
What does crystal therapy have to do with composting toilets or attachment parenting?
On a deeper level, they are related because their �what� and �how� draws from
the same overarching story.
There is tremendous support for the technologies that have brought us to our present situation,
but little support for the kinds of technologies that are most necessary for our society to
transition into an ecological age.
The technologies of reunion need communities of practice, and they need patronage from
visionary holders of financial wealth and other resources.
Some examples of incubators for technologies of reunion include The Land Institute, devoted
to perennial agriculture, The Farm in Tennessee, which pioneered the renewal of midwifery in
America, Tamera Ecovillage, dedicated to healing human sexuality (as well as water retention
landscapes and peace work), and the Damanhur intentional community in Italy, with its astonishing
experiments in sacred architecture and plant communication.
There are also growing linkages among institutions that are part of this movement, for example,
Numundo and the global network of Ecoversities.
These institutions are each edgy in their own way, and perhaps conventional in other
ways.
Each chooses its areas of exploration in the vast territory of Reunion.
In a sane future on a livable planet, places like these must no longer be radical outliers;
they must be the new normal.
The Starseed Generation
The blatantly new-agey term �starseeds� just popped into my head to describe the current
generation of young people coming of age today, who do not fit into dominant models of higher
education.
The rewards and threats that bring most people into conformity with the old story do not
sway them.
They cannot be bribed into a normal career.
Therefore, most of what conventional universities offer is unattractive to them: both the curriculum
content and the form in which it is offered.
'Starseeds' �Starseeds� seek something more than our
dominant models of higher education offer.
Some of these young people muddle through university anyway, engaging themselves in
political activism as an outlet for their passions.
Others, the lucky ones, find new story content in the margins and crannies of their institutions,
provided by professors who are adept at sneaking things under the radar.
Many more drop out of college or refuse to go entirely.
It is not that they are uninterested in learning; it is that what they want to learn is not
easily available.
They are here on earth with a purpose and cannot tolerate spending years of their lives
on something that isn�t aligned with that purpose.
When these youth get their first glimpse of permaculture, or gift economics, or herbalism,
or some other technology of reunion, they come alive.
Their eyes light up in recognition: here is what I was looking for.
Or at least, here is a signpost that tells me that what I am looking for is out there
somewhere.
Equally powerful for these young people is to come across others of their tribe; allies
in the purpose of serving the healing of Gaia, and especially elders who model an alternative
life path.
They realize then that they are not crazy and they are not alone.
For a young person to follow this path does take courage, because it is preparation for
a world that does not yet exist, a world that values Technologies of Reunion.
Yet, paradoxically, it will never exist if we don�t prepare for it.
The technologies that serve an ecological future also serve the transition to that future.
And, to risk following this path is to make an offering of one�s life, and that is a
powerful prayer.
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"Our family is obsessed with poop" | The Riveras | Universo - Duration: 2:37.
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MYO Storyboard #2: The Explainer - What is Guardianship? - Duration: 1:10.
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Am I of Higher Frequency - Duration: 10:18.
Am I of Higher Frequency
By Dylan Harper
Do you notice or even feel frustrated because the supplements, medicines, diets, and modalities
that seem to work for other people don�t work for you?
Do you do what most would consider �all the right things� for your health and spirit
and still feel that you are not functioning optimally?
Do your energies, moods, and immune system feel like they need a boost even when you
take extra time for �self-care?�
If you answered �yes� to the previous questions, there is a very good chance that
you are part of the 1% of the population that is genetically of higher frequency.
People of higher frequency tend to be described as �hypersensitive,� empathic, intuitive,
creative, sometimes perfectionistic, and (wonderfully!) complex.
Despite finding that other people are drawn to them, higher frequency individuals often
feel alone in this world because they comprise so little of the population.
However, they continue to move forward with their lives in a unique, heart-centered way.
They live almost strategically in different parts of the globe as �light workers,�
here to carry out their important mission or �Cosmic Call to Action,� which is to
help our species and planet survive and thrive as a more consciously awakened world.
As a result, higher frequency people usually share many of the following attributes during
this human experience:
1.
A desire to find, confirm, or capture the essence of their true spiritual �home,�
partner, family, and/or community.
2.
A feeling that entities or angels are around them.
They may even see or hear those entities on occasion.
3.
A feeling that they aren�t achieving the success, relationships, and happiness they
desire�despite having outstanding skills, capacities, and intelligence.
4.
Changes in moods, emotions, and energy levels that appear to reflect the people or planet
around them, as much if not more than their own condition.
5.
Moments of feeling more �awakened� or conscious, but finding those times short-lived
or unsustainable in 3D daily life.
6.
Vivid dreams, and even moving, speaking, or acting out while asleep.
7.
Periods of intense �shedding� of relationships, responsibilities, or priorities.
8.
A feeling that time is moving much faster or even �getting lost� during regular
activities.
9.
Enhanced awareness of synchronicities and believing that there are no �coincidences�
or �accidents.�
If you are of higher frequency, you likely also share a number of the following beliefs,
perspectives, and ideologies:
1.
�Service to Others� is your mantra or motto, which helps dictate the decisions that
you make and all that you are and do.
You know that what you do to and for others will affect you and your loved ones sooner
or later�because we are all connected by frequencies, energy, our planet, and karma.
2.
You see our earth and the human experience as a smaller part of a bigger picture.
You feel almost like we humans are the experiment, playground, or �school� for spirits, entities,
or forces from other dimensions, including some of your own soul�s energy source.
3.
You understand that it usually takes dire situations to open people�s minds.
You so want to be genuine in your interactions with others in your daily life, but feel more
like you have to be a metaphysical �Clark Kent� and keep your Superman thoughts and
talents in your back pocket.
You find that it�s not until you come to the rescue of others in dire straits that
they can look past your more spiritual cape and approaches.
They are finally more open and just grateful to be helped.
4.
You believe that happiness may or may not be the goal of this incarnation, but that
living a life that is consistent with your purpose will produce all of the fulfillment
you could ever want.
It�s not about imitating what others call a �successful life.� It�s about feeling
like you are on your OWN best path to your destiny.
5.
You believe that your destiny is set and is great, but that free will and frequency can
and will change the timing, ease, and efficiency of fulfilling that destiny.
Consequently, you look to strengthen your frequencies and awareness level more than
most.
6.
You follow your heart, recognizing what science has finally proven.
The heart senses and reacts to an event before it ever happens and even before the brain
can process it.
The heart really knows best, and first.
7.
You don�t like that money is the focus and basis of our current world.
You prefer to see people for how they are and what they feel, and not for what they
have or whom they know.
You prefer to exchange services and talents rather than money.
For you, sharing your art, time, and expertise tends to reflect more of what�s in the heart
than any other currency ever could.
8.
You love and honor our planet and the natural universe.
You feel the pains physically and emotionally when Mother Earth is ailing or rumbling.
You may also feel the pull or mental and physical disruption during events like the moon�s
cycles, solar flares, planetary alignment, etc.
It sickens you that humans have prioritized greed rather than sustainability and kindness
to the living things around us.
9.
You recognize that each person has a different part in our global community.
Regardless of rank, role, or training, each person is valued and crucial to the greater
picture.
The student is as important to the teacher as the teacher is to the student, as are the
construction crews that build their school and the maintenance crews that keep it beautiful.
If the qualities and tendencies mentioned above resonate with you, then you probably
have lots of experiences being and/or surrounded by a higher frequency person.
It may not come as a surprise that�because of all of the energies that higher frequency
people take in and take on from the world around them�they are quite prone to: food
and environmental allergies; thyroid issues and adrenal fatigue; inflammation leading
to digestive and/or joint issues; depression, addictions, or extreme highs and lows in mood;
and intense relationships to sexual activity, body image, and/or exercise.
Most higher frequency individuals feel the need to regroup or refresh by being alone
and away from the energies of other people; by spending time in water or nature; by engaging
in sports or physical activity; and/or by getting lost in music, dance, or other forms
of expressive art�all to help rid themselves of the frequencies they take in, as well as
to help rebalance their own energy systems.
While being a super-charged human has its challenges, lessons, and contrasts, you contain
the Divine fabric, energies, and soul that represent the next steps for our human species.
Because 3D life as a higher frequency person is complicated, it is neither helpful nor
expected for you to live in perpetual bliss, nor to isolate instead of participate in this
world.
Any discomfort and confusion you experience pave the way for your sincerity and ingenuity;
your resilience inspires others; and your tenacity is the hope for our future.
Most importantly, by living a life that resonates with you, you move others to transform in
positive and profound ways too.
Although you may not always receive the applause, recognition, or gratitude that you deserve
from others, as with most pioneers, your trials, tribulations, and triumphs are pivotal, and
will be appreciated for generations to come.
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