grammar for chapter 13 adjective clauses part 1 the learning objectives by the
end of this chapter you will be able to identify adjective clause pronouns used
as the subject identify adjective Clause pronounced use as the object of the verb
identify adjective clause pronouns used as the object of a preposition
understand using whose and adjective clauses demonstrate using where an
adjective clauses and demonstrate using when an adjective clauses adjective
clauses introduction clause a clause is a group of words containing a subject
and a verb an independent clause also known as main clause is a complete
sentence it contains the main subject and verb of a sentence a dependent
clause a dependent clause is not a complete sentence it must be connected
to an independent clause an adjective clause an adjective clause also known as
relative clause is a dependent clause that modifies meaning change a noun
it describes identifies or gives further information about a noun adjective
clause pronouns also known as relative pronouns this is an adjective clause
which uses pronouns to connect the dependent clause to the independent
clause the adjective Clause pronouns are who whom that and who's who is used for
people which is used for things that is used for both people and things for
example I thank the teacher who helped me this is used for people the main
clause I think the teacher who helped me is the adjective Clause the subject of
the adjective Clause is who I think the teacher that helped me the
computer which is on the desk is mine the computer that is on the desk is mine
adjective clause pronouns used as the object of a verb the man who I saw was
mr. Castelo or the man whom I saw was mr. Castelo the man that I saw was mr.
Castelo the man I saw was mr. Castelo the
football match which we saw last night wasn't very good
please take note of whom that this means no article and which the football match
that we saw last night wasn't very good the football match we saw last night
wasn't very good incorrect would be the man who I saw him
was mr. Jones or the man that I saw him was mr. Jones the man I saw him was mr.
Jones this is an incorrect way to write who is used for people whom is also used
for people which is used for things and that is used for both people and things
please take note of the examples given to you in the above sentences please
pause your screen to understand grammar for chapter 13 adjective clauses part
one adjective clauses adjective Clause pronouns use as the object of a
preposition the preposition comes at the beginning of the adjective clause
informal English in mostly all other cases that preposition comes after the
subject and verb of the adjective clause for example she is the woman about whom
I told you or you could say she is a woman who I told you about or she is a
woman whom I told you about she is a woman that I told you about she is the
woman I told you about please note this is no article the news to which we
listened last night was great or the news which we listened to
last night was great the news that we listened to last night was great
and the news we listened to last night was great these are the different ways
adjective clauses using who's in adjective clauses I know the man his car
was stolen to combine both of these sentences I know the man whose car was
stolen the student speaks well I heard a speech combining both of those sentences
the students whose speech I heard speaks well mr. Costello has an antique car
it's value is unknown to combine both of these sentences you would say mr.
Costello has an antique car whose value is unknown using where an adjective
clauses the house is very old he lives there in that house let's combine them
the house where he lives is very old the house in which he lives is very old the
house which he lives in is very old you can also use which the house that he
lives in is very old the house he lives in is very old so as you can see there
are multiple ways for this piece of written expression there is no
preposition in the adjective clause this is very important no preposition in the
adjective clause the preposition must be included if where is not used using when
in adjective clauses I'll never forget that year I met you then on that year
I'll never forget the year when I met you I'll never forget the year on which
I met you I'll never forget the year that I met you I'll never forget the
year I met you a preposition nouns of time is only used in example B when it
comes before which let's take a look at example B I'll never forget the year on
which I met you what is the preposition of time on in adjective clauses one is
used to modify and now of time such as the year day-time
century grammar for chapter 13 adjective clauses part 2 the learning objectives
by the end of this chapter you will be able to form adjective clauses to modify
pronouns understand punctuation and adjective clauses use expressions of
quantity in adjective clauses and demonstrate the ability to use which to
modify a whole sentence also identify ways to reduce adjective clauses to
adjective phrases using adjective clauses to modify pronouns there is
someone I want you to meet everything he said was pure nonsense anybody who wants
to come is welcome I'm it was the only one I knew at the wedding scholarships
are available for those who need financial assistance incorrect would be
I Who am a student at this school come from a country in Africa it is I who am
responsible both of these are incorrect he who
laughs last laughs best punctuating adjective clauses the professor who
teaches English to 18 is an excellent instructor professor Costello comma who
teaches English to 18 comma is an excellent instructor the commas is
setting up the next idea and it also is modifying the previous idea for a SAN
comma which consists of 20 principal islands comma is a favorite vacation
spot so what you can understand is that fetes an is a favorite vacation spot and
it also consists of 20 principal islands dr. cindy who is a retired Dean does
volunteer work at the hospital the man who I met teaches grammar the man whom I
met teaches grammar the man that I met teaches grammar or the man I met teaches
grammar mr. Kowalski whom I met yesterday kama teaches
grammar so what you can understand is that mr. Kowalski teaches grammar and
you also met him yesterday using expressions of quantity in adjective
clauses in my class there are 30 students most of them are from the
Middle East in my class there are 30 students , most of whom are from Saudi
Arabia he gave many excuses only a few of them were true here's how we put it
together using expressions of quantity he gave many excuses comma only a few of
which were true the professors discussed Atman one of his problems was attendance
the professors discuss Ahmed comma one of whose problems was attendance grammar
for chapter 13 adjective clauses part 2 using which to modify a whole sentence
so going back to example a Ford was late that surprised me and this one we're
going to use which to modify a whole sentence let us begin
Ford was late comma which surprised me the escalator is out of service full
stop this is too bad now let's use which to modify this whole sentence the
escalator is out of service comma which is too bad now reducing adjective
clauses to adjective phrases so let's take a look at an adjective clause the
boy who is sitting next to me is Sultan the boy who is sitting next missile tun
now reduce it to a phrase the boy sitting next to me is Sultan basically
remove who is here's another clause the boy who is riding the bicycle is Turkey
can you guess how to change this it's pretty much the same the boy who is
riding the bicycle is turkey now let's take a look how to reduce this to an
adjective phrase it's pretty much the same as the previous example the boy
riding the bicycle is turkey so in this example we also remove who is an example
II the boy whom I saw was I earn the phrase there is no change
needed
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